< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gryzti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *grūˀźtei. Cognate with Lithuanian gráužti (“to gnaw”) and Latvian grauzt.
Verb
*grỳzti impf[1][2]
- (transitive) to gnaw
Inflection
Conjugation of *gryzti, *gryze, *gryzetь (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *gryzenьje | *gryzti | *gryztъ | *gryzlъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *gryzenъ | *gryzomъ |
| Active | *gryzъ | *gryzy |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gryz(ox)ъ | *gryze | *gryze | *gryzǫ | *gryzeši | *gryzetь |
| Dual | *gryz(ox)ově | *gryz(e/os)ta | *gryz(e/os)te | *gryzevě | *gryzeta | *gryzete |
| Plural | *gryz(ox)omъ | *gryz(e/os)te | *gryzǫ, *gryzošę | *gryzemъ | *gryzete | *gryzǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gryzěaxъ | *gryzěaše | *gryzěaše | — | *gryzi | *gryzi |
| Dual | *gryzěaxově | *gryzěašeta | *gryzěašete | *gryzěvě | *gryzěta | — |
| Plural | *gryzěaxomъ | *gryzěašete | *gryzěaxǫ | *gryzěmъ | *gryzěte | — |
Related terms
- *gryzati
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: грꙑзти (gryzti)
- Belarusian: гры́зці (hrýzci)
- Russian: грызть (gryztʹ)
- Ukrainian: гри́зти (hrýzty)
- Old East Slavic: грꙑзти (gryzti)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic грꙑсти (grysti)
- Glagolitic ⰳⱃⱏⰹⱄⱅⰺ (grysti)
- Bulgarian: гриза (griza)
- Macedonian: гризе (grize)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: гри̏сти
- Latin: grȉsti
- Slovene: grísti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: hrýzti
- Czech: hrýzti
- Kashubian: grëzc
- Polish: gryźć
- Slovak: hrýzť
- Slovincian: grȧ̃sc
- Old Czech: hrýzti
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gryzti/*gryzati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 160
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*grỳzti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 194: “v. (c) ‘gnaw’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “gryzti: gryzǫ gryzetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 208, 252, 255; PR 139)”