< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stiťi
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative reconstructions
- *stigti (pre-palatalized form)
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *stéigtei, from Proto-Indo-European *stéygʰeti, from the root *steygʰ-. Cognate with Lithuanian steĩgti (“to organize, to found, to produce, (dialectal) to want, to hurry”), steĩgtis (“to hurry up, to try”), Latvian stèigt (“to hurry”), stèigtiês (“to hurry”). Further akin to Sanskrit स्तिघ्नोति (stighnoti, “to rise”), Ancient Greek στείχω (steíkhō, “to walk, to march”), Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌽 (steigan, “to climb”), Old Irish tíagu (“I go, I walk”), Albanian shteg (“road”).
Verb
*sti̋ťi pf (imperfective *stigati)[1][2]
- to attain
- to catch up with, to reach
Alternative forms
- *stignǫti (with spread ne-conjugation)
Inflection
Conjugation of *stiťi, *stiže, *stižetь (perf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *stiženьje | *stiťi | *stiťь | *stiglъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *stiženъ | — |
| Active | *stigъ | — |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *stig(ox)ъ | *stiže | *stiže | *stigǫ | *stižeši | *stižetь |
| Dual | *stig(ox)ově | *stig(e/os)ta | *stig(e/os)te | *stiževě | *stižeta | *stižete |
| Plural | *stig(ox)omъ | *stig(e/os)te | *stigǫ, *stigošę | *stižemъ | *stižete | *stigǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | — | — | — | — | *stidzi | *stidzi |
| Dual | — | — | — | *stidzěvě | *stidzěta | — |
| Plural | — | — | — | *stidzěmъ | *stidzěte | — |
- Notes:
- Aorist *stigeste ⇒ *stižeste, ...
- In perfective verbs, present expresses future
Conjugation of *stiťi, *stignǫ, *stignetь (perf., -n-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *stiženьje | *stiťi | *stiťь | *stignǫlъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *stignovenъ | — |
| Active | *stignǫvъ | — |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *stignǫxъ | *stignǫ | *stignǫ | *stignǫ | *stigneši | *stignetь |
| Dual | *stignǫxově | *stignǫsta | *stignǫste | *stignevě | *stigneta | *stignete |
| Plural | *stignǫxomъ | *stignǫste | *stignǫšę | *stignemъ | *stignete | *stignǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | — | — | — | — | *stigni | *stigni |
| Dual | — | — | — | *stigněvě | *stigněta | — |
| Plural | — | — | — | *stigněmъ | *stigněte | — |
- Notes:
- In perfective verbs, present expresses future
Derived terms
- *dostiťi (“to reach up”) < *do- + *stiťi
- *postiťi (“to accomplish”) < *po- + *stiťi
- *nastiťi (“to catch up”) < *na- + *stiťi
- *zastiťi (“to overtake”) < *za- + *stiťi
- *pristiťi (“to arrive”) < *pri- + *stiťi
Related terms
- *stьdzà, *stьgna (“path”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: *стичи (*stiči) (1399)
- ⇒ Old East Slavic: *достищи (*dostišči)
- Russian: -сти́чь (-stíčʹ)
- Ukrainian: -сти́гти (-stýhty), сти́жити (stýžyty)
- Old East Slavic: *стичи (*stiči) (1399)
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: сти́же (stíže, “suffices, comes up”) (dialectal, fossilized 3p. sg.)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: сти̏ћи
- Latin: stȉći
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*stigti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 467
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “stigniti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “pslovan. *sti̋t'i”
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “-стичь”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2006), “стигнути¹”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 5 (Р – Т), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 414
- Todorov T., editor (2010), “стижа”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 7, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 457
- “steigti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012