empiéger
See also: empieger
French
Etymology
First recorded circa 1226 as empegier[1], Latin impedicō, impedicāre. Doublet of empêcher. Surface analysis: en- + piège + -er.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɑ̃.pje.ʒe/
Audio (file)
Verb
empiéger
- (rare) to trap
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated like protéger. It has both the spelling irregularities of other verbs in -ger (such as manger, where a silent 'e' is inserted before 'a' and 'o' endings (to indicate the /ʒ/ sound), and the spelling and pronunciation irregularities of other verbs in -é-er (such as céder), where the last stem vowel alternates between /e/ (written 'é') and /ɛ/ (written 'è').
Conjugation of empiéger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | empiéger | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | empiégeant /ɑ̃.pje.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | empiégé /ɑ̃.pje.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | empiège /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ | empièges /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ | empiège /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ | empiégeons /ɑ̃.pje.ʒɔ̃/ | empiégez /ɑ̃.pje.ʒe/ | empiègent /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ |
| imperfect | empiégeais /ɑ̃.pje.ʒɛ/ | empiégeais /ɑ̃.pje.ʒɛ/ | empiégeait /ɑ̃.pje.ʒɛ/ | empiégions /ɑ̃.pje.ʒjɔ̃/ | empiégiez /ɑ̃.pje.ʒje/ | empiégeaient /ɑ̃.pje.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | empiégeai /ɑ̃.pje.ʒe/ | empiégeas /ɑ̃.pje.ʒa/ | empiégea /ɑ̃.pje.ʒa/ | empiégeâmes /ɑ̃.pje.ʒam/ | empiégeâtes /ɑ̃.pje.ʒat/ | empiégèrent /ɑ̃.pje.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | empiégerai or empiègerai /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁe/ | empiégeras or empiègeras /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁa/ | empiégera or empiègera /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁa/ | empiégerons or empiègerons /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | empiégerez or empiègerez /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁe/ | empiégeront or empiègeront /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | empiégerais or empiègerais /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁɛ/ | empiégerais or empiègerais /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁɛ/ | empiégerait or empiègerait /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁɛ/ | empiégerions or empiègerions /ɑ̃.pjɛ.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /ɑ̃.pje.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ | empiégeriez or empiègeriez /ɑ̃.pjɛ.ʒə.ʁje/ or /ɑ̃.pje.ʒə.ʁje/ | empiégeraient or empiègeraient /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | empiège /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ | empièges /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ | empiège /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ | empiégions /ɑ̃.pje.ʒjɔ̃/ | empiégiez /ɑ̃.pje.ʒje/ | empiègent /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | empiégeasse /ɑ̃.pje.ʒas/ | empiégeasses /ɑ̃.pje.ʒas/ | empiégeât /ɑ̃.pje.ʒa/ | empiégeassions /ɑ̃.pje.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ | empiégeassiez /ɑ̃.pje.ʒa.sje/ | empiégeassent /ɑ̃.pje.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | empiège /ɑ̃.pjɛʒ/ | — | empiégeons /ɑ̃.pje.ʒɔ̃/ | empiégez /ɑ̃.pje.ʒe/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
References
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “impedicāre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 4: G H I, page 578
Further reading
- “empiéger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.