식다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Gugeopganibang eonhae (救急簡易方諺解 / 구급간이방언해), 1489, as Middle Korean 식다 (sikta).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key)[ɕʰik̚t͈a̠]
- Phonetic Hangul[식따]
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Verb
식다 • (sikda) (infinitive 식어, sequential 식으니)
- to cool down, to get cold
- to abate, to subside
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 식다 (sikda)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 식 (sik) |
| Stem 2 | 식어 (sigeo) |
| Stem 3 | 식으 (sigeu) |
| Conjugation type | Consonant-stem, regular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 식는다 singneunda | 식어 sigeo | 식어요 sigeoyo | 식습니다 sikseumnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 식었다 sigeotda | 식었어 sigeosseo | 식었어요 sigeosseoyo | 식었습니다 sigeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 식느냐 singneunya | 식어 sigeo | 식어요 sigeoyo | 식습니까 sikseumnikka |
| Past | 식었느냐 sigeonneunya | 식었어 sigeosseo | 식었어요 sigeosseoyo | 식었습니까 sigeotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 식자 sikja | 식어 sigeo | 식어요 sigeoyo | 식읍시다 sigeupsida | |
| Imperative | 식어라 sigeora | 식어 sigeo | 식어요 sigeoyo | 식읍시오 sigeupsio | |
| Assertive | 식겠다 sikgetda | 식겠어 sikgesseo | 식겠어요 sikgesseoyo | 식겠습니다 sikgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 식어 sigeo | 식어서 sigeoseo | 식으니 sigeuni | 식으니까 sigeunikka | |
| Contrast | 식지만 sikjiman | 식는데 singneunde | 식더니 sikdeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 식고 sikgo | ||||
| Condition | 식으면 sigeumyeon | 식어야 sigeoya | |||
| Motive | 식으려고 sigeuryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 식음 sigeum | 식기 sikgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 식었음 sigeosseum | 식었기 sigeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 식은 sigeun | |||
| Present | 식는 singneun | ||||
| Future | 식을 sigeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 식으신다 sigeusinda | 식으셔 sigeusyeo | 식으세요, 식으셔요 sigeuseyo, sigeusyeoyo | 식으십니다 sigeusimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 식으셨다 sigeusyeotda | 식으셨어 sigeusyeosseo | 식으셨어요 sigeusyeosseoyo | 식으셨습니다 sigeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 식으시느냐 sigeusineunya | 식으셔 sigeusyeo | 식으세요, 식으셔요 sigeuseyo, sigeusyeoyo | 식으십니까 sigeusimnikka |
| Past | 식으셨느냐 sigeusyeonneunya | 식으셨어 sigeusyeosseo | 식으셨어요 sigeusyeosseoyo | 식으셨습니까 sigeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 식으시라 sigeusira | 식으셔 sigeusyeo | 식으세요 sigeuseyo | 식으십시오 sigeusipsio | |
| Assertive | 식으시겠다 sigeusigetda | 식으시겠어 sigeusigesseo | 식으시겠어요 sigeusigesseoyo | 식으시겠습니다 sigeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 식으셔 sigeusyeo | 식으셔서 sigeusyeoseo | 식으시니 sigeusini | 식으시니까 sigeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 식으시지만 sigeusijiman | 식으시는데 sigeusineunde | 식으시더니 sigeusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 식으시고 sigeusigo | ||||
| Condition | 식으시면 sigeusimyeon | 식으셔야 sigeusyeoya | |||
| Motive | 식으시려고 sigeusiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 식으심 sigeusim | 식으시기 sigeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 식으셨음 sigeusyeosseum | 식으셨기 sigeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 식으신 sigeusin | |||
| Present | 식으시는 sigeusineun | ||||
| Future | 식으실 sigeusil | ||||
Derived terms
- (causative) 식히다 (sikhida)