海原
Chinese
ocean; sea | former; original; primary former; original; primary; raw; level; cause; source | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (海原) | 海 | 原 |
Pronunciation
Proper noun
海原
- (~縣) Haiyuan County (a county of Ningxia, China)
Japanese
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
海 | 原 |
Grade: 2 | はら > ばら Grade: 2 |
irregular | kun’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
海原 (kyūjitai) |
⟨unapara⟩ → */unaɸara/ → /unabara/
Originally a compound of 海 (u, compounding form of umi, “sea, ocean”) + な (na, Old Japanese possessive particle, apophonic form of の (no)) + 原 (para, “plain, field”).[1]
The shift to bara occurred in Middle Japanese, an instance of rendaku (連濁).[1][2][3]
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) うなばら [ùnábárá] (Heiban – [0])[3]
- (Tokyo) うなばら [ùnáꜜbàrà] (Nakadaka – [2])[3]
- IPA(key): [ɯ̟ᵝna̠ba̠ɾa̠]
Noun
海原 • (unabara)
- a wide ocean
Derived terms
- 青海原 (aounabara, “vast blue ocean”)
- 大海原 (ōunabara, “great, vast ocean”)
Proper noun
海原 • (Unabara)
- a surname
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
海 | 原 |
かい Grade: 2 | はら > わら Grade: 2 |
jūbakoyomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
海原 (kyūjitai) |
Compound of 海 (kai, “sea, ocean”, the on'yomi or Chinese-derived reading) + 原 (hara, “plain, field”, the kun'yomi or native Japanese reading). The shift of medial /h/ to /w/ is a regular sound change in certain compounds.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ka̠iɰᵝa̠ɾa̠]
Proper noun
海原 • (Kaiwara) ←かいはら (kaifara)?
- a place name
References
- 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Old Japanese
Etymology 1
Originally a compound of 海 (u, compounding form of umi1, “sea, ocean”) + な (na, possessive particle, apophonic form of の (no2)) + 原 (para, “plain, field”).
Noun
海原 (unapara) (kana うなはら)
- a wide ocean
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 7, poem 1089), text here
- 大海爾嶋毛不在爾海原絶塔浪爾立有白雲
- opoumi1 ni sima mo aranaku ni unapara no tayutapu nami1 ni tateru sirakumo
- On the vast ocean not a single island in sight and yet, far beyond the rolling surface of the sea, white clouds rising high.[1]
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 7, poem 1089), text here
Derived terms
- 靑海原 (awounapara)
Descendants
- Japanese: 海原 (unabara)
Etymology 2
Originally a compound of 海 (u, compounding form of umi1, “sea, ocean”) + の (no2, possessive particle) + 原 (para, “plain, field”).
Noun
海原 (uno2para) (kana うのはら)
- (regional, Central Eastern Old Japanese) a wide ocean
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 20, poem 4328), text here
- 於保吉美能美許等可之古美伊蘇爾布理宇乃波良和多流知知波波乎於伎弖
- opoki1mi1 no2 miko2to2 kasiko1mi1 iso1 ni puri uno2para wataru titipapa wo oki1te
- Respectfully accepting the order of the Emperor, I must leave my parents shortly and go, my ship brushing submerged rocks at sea.[2]
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 20, poem 4328), text here
References
- J. Thomas Rimer (2014) Culture and Identity: Japanese Intellectuals during the Interwar Years (Volume 1106 of Princeton Legacy Library), Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page 294
- The East, Volumes 25-26, East Publications, original from the University of Virginia, 1989, page 45