饉

饉

See also: 馑

饉 U+9949, 饉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9949 ← 饈 [U+9948] CJK Unified Ideographs 饊 → [U+994A]

Translingual

Han character

饉 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+11, 20 strokes, cangjie input 人戈廿中一 (OITLM), four-corner 8471₄, composition ⿰飠堇(GHTV) or ⿰𩙿堇(JK))

1. time of famine or crop failure

References

• KangXi: page 1425, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44366
• Dae Jaweon: page 1950, character 34
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4469, character 14
• Unihan data for U+9949

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Chinese

trad.		饉
simp.		馑

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (堇) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
囏	*krɯːn
螼	*kʰrɯnʔ, *kʰrɯns
堇	*ɡrɯn, *kɯnʔ
墐	*ɡrɯn, *ɡrɯns
𥎊	*ɡrɯn
僅	*ɡrɯns
瑾	*ɡrɯns
覲	*ɡrɯns
殣	*ɡrɯns
饉	*ɡrɯns
廑	*ɡrɯns
瘽	*ɡrɯns, *ɡɯn, *ɡɯnʔ
歏	*ɡrɯns
鄞	*ŋɡrɯn, *ŋɡɯn
謹	*kɯnʔ
槿	*kɯnʔ
漌	*kɯnʔ
慬	*kɯnʔ, *ɡɯn
勤	*ɡɯn
懃	*ɡɯn
懄	*ɡɯn

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jǐn (jin³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gan², gan⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jǐn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jǐn
    • Wade–Giles: chin³
    • Yale: jǐn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiin
    • Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gan², gan⁶
    • Yale: gán, gahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gan², gan⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: gen², gen⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐn³⁵/, /kɐn²²/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɡˠiɪn^H/

Rime
Character	饉
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	眞 (44)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	渠遴切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡˠiɪnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡᵚinH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡienH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gjinH/
Li Rong	/ɡjĕnH/
Wang Li	/ɡǐĕnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/gi̯ĕnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jìn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gan6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]rə[r]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrɯns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	饉
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jìn
Middle Chinese	‹ ginH ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]rə[r]-s/
English	famine
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	饉
Reading #	1/1
No.	6738
Phonetic component	堇
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	僅
Old Chinese	/*ɡrɯns/

Definitions

饉

1. (fossil word) famine

Usage notes

• Some ancient dictionaries including Shuowen Jiezi claimed that 饑 was used for shortage of grain and 饉 of vegetables, which however is not attested in the Old Chinese corpus.

Compounds

年饉／年馑 饑饉／饥馑 (jījǐn)

饑饉之歲／饥馑之岁 饑饉荐臻／饥馑荐臻

饑饉薦臻／饥馑荐臻 (jījǐnjiànzhēn)

References

• “饉”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

饉

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: ごん (gon)
• Kan-on: きん (kin)
• Kun: うえる (ueru, 饉える)

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Korean

Hanja

饉 • (geun) (hangeul 근, revised geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭn, Yale kun)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

饉: Hán Việt readings: cận[1][2]
饉: Nôm readings: cận[3]

1. chữ Hán form of cận (“famine, crop failure, starvation”).

References

1. Nguyễn (1974).
2. Thiều Chửu (1942).
3. Trần (2004).