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单词 板
释义

板

See also: 闆 and 反
板 U+677F, 板
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-677F
← 松
[U+677E]		CJK Unified Ideographs枀 →
[U+6780]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

板 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 木竹水 (DHE) or X木竹水 (XDHE), four-corner 41947 or 42947, composition ⿰木反)

Derived characters

  • 𥯈, 𨧸, 𫪒

References

  • KangXi: page 514, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14518
  • Dae Jaweon: page 902, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1172, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+677F

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 板
Warring States
Chu slip and silk script
Characters in the same phonetic series (反) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
扳*praːn, *pʰraːn
板*praːnʔ
版*praːnʔ
瓪*praːnʔ, *paːnʔ
昄*praːnʔ, *braːnʔ, *paːnʔ
鈑*praːnʔ
蝂*praːnʔ
眅*pʰraːn, *pʰraːnʔ
阪*braːnʔ, *panʔ
魬*braːnʔ
粄*paːnʔ
反*panʔ, *pʰan
返*panʔ
坂*panʔ
畈*pans
販*pans
汳*pʰans
飯*bonʔ, *bons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *praːnʔ) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan).

Officially adopted as the simplified form of 闆 (etymology 2) in the Chinese Character Simplification Scheme (《漢字簡化方案》／《汉字简化方案》) in 1956.

Etymology 1

trad.板
simp. #板

The same word as 版 (OC *praːnʔ, “plank”). Cognate with Tibetan འཕར ('phar, “panel; small plank”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Standard)
    (Pinyin): bǎn (ban3)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄢˇ
    (Chengdu, SP): ban3
  • Cantonese
    (Guangzhou, Jyutping): baan2
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ban2
  • Gan (Wiktionary): ban3
  • Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): pán
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ban3
  • Jin (Wiktionary): ban2
  • Min Bei (KCR): bǎing
  • Min Dong (BUC): bēng
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): pán
    (Teochew, Peng'im): boin2 / bain2 / bang2
  • Wu (Wiktionary): pe (T2)
  • Xiang (Wiktionary): ban3
  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: bǎn
      • Zhuyin: ㄅㄢˇ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: bǎn
      • Wade–Giles: pan3
      • Yale: bǎn
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baan
      • Palladius: бань (banʹ)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pän²¹⁴/
    • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
      • Hanyu Pinyin: bǎnr
      • Zhuyin: ㄅㄢˇㄦ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: bǎnr
      • Wade–Giles: panrh3
      • Yale: bǎnr
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baal
      • Palladius: баnр (banr)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pɑɻ²¹⁴/
    • (Chengdu)
      • Sichuanese Pinyin: ban3
      • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ban
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pan⁵³/
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: baan2
      • Yale: báan
      • Cantonese Pinyin: baan2
      • Guangdong Romanization: ban2
      • Sinological IPA (key): /paːn³⁵/
    • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
      • Wiktionary: ban2
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pan⁵⁵/
  • Gan
    • (Nanchang)
      • Wiktionary: ban3
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pan²¹³/
  • Hakka
    • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pán
      • Hakka Romanization System: ban`
      • Hagfa Pinyim: ban3
      • Sinological IPA: /pan³¹/
    • (Meixian)
      • Guangdong: ban3
      • Sinological IPA: /pan³¹/
  • Jin
    • (Taiyuan)+
      • Wiktionary: ban2
      • Sinological IPA (old-style): /pæ̃⁵³/
  • Min Bei
    • (Jian'ou)
      • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bǎing
      • Sinological IPA (key): /paiŋ²¹/
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: bēng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pɛiŋ³³/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pán
      • Tâi-lô: pán
      • Phofsit Daibuun: parn
      • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Taipei): /pan⁵³/
      • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /pan⁵⁵⁴/
      • IPA (Singapore): /pan⁴²/
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pan⁴¹/
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: boin2 / bain2 / bang2
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: póiⁿ / páiⁿ / páng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /põĩ⁵²/, /pãĩ⁵²/, /paŋ⁵²/
Note:
  • boin2/bain2 - vernacular (bain2 - Jieyang);
  • bang2 - literary.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: pe (T2)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pe̞³⁴/
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: ban3
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pan⁴¹/
  • Dialectal data
VarietyLocation
edit
板
MandarinBeijing/pan²¹⁴/
Harbin/pan²¹³/
Tianjin/pan¹³/
Jinan/pã²¹³/
Qingdao/pã⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou/pan⁵³/
Xi'an/pã⁵³/
Xining/pã⁵³/
Yinchuan/pan⁵³/
Lanzhou/pɛ̃n⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi/pan⁵¹/
Wuhan/pan⁴²/
Chengdu/pan⁵³/
Guiyang/pan⁴²/
Kunming/pã̠⁵³/
Nanjing/paŋ²¹²/
Hefei/pæ̃²⁴/
JinTaiyuan/pæ̃⁵³/
Pingyao/pɑŋ⁵³/
Hohhot/pæ̃⁵³/
WuShanghai/pe³⁵/
Suzhou/pe̞⁵¹/
Hangzhou/pẽ̞⁵³/
Wenzhou/pa³⁵/
HuiShexian/pɛ³⁵/
Tunxi/puːə³¹/
XiangChangsha/pan⁴¹/
Xiangtan/pan⁴²/
GanNanchang/pan²¹³/
HakkaMeixian/pan³¹/
Taoyuan/pɑn³¹/
CantoneseGuangzhou/pan³⁵/
Nanning/pan³⁵/
Hong Kong/pan³⁵/
MinXiamen (Min Nan)/pan⁵³/
Fuzhou (Min Dong)/pɛiŋ³²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei)/paiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan)/paŋ⁵³/
/põi⁵³/
Haikou (Min Nan)/ʔbaŋ²¹³/
/ʔbai²¹³/
  • Middle Chinese: /pˠanX/
Rime
Character板
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)幫 (1)
Final (韻)刪 (69)
Tone (調)Rising (X)
Openness (開合)Open
Division (等)II
Fanqie布綰切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/pˠanX/
Pan
Wuyun		/pᵚanX/
Shao
Rongfen		/pɐnX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/paɨnX/
Li
Rong		/panX/
Wang
Li		/panX/
Bernard
Karlgren		/panX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		bǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		baan2
  • Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.pˤranʔ/, /*pˤranʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*praːnʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character板板
Reading #1/22/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		bǎnbǎn
Middle
Chinese		‹ pænX ›‹ pænX ›
Old
Chinese		/*C.pˁranʔ//*pˁranʔ/
Englishplank, boardperverse

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character板
Reading #1/1
No.2953
Phonetic
component		反
Rime
group		元
Rime
subdivision		1
Corresponding
MC rime		版
Old
Chinese		/*praːnʔ/
Notes同版

Definitions

板

  1. plank; board
    木板  ―  mùbǎn  ―  board; plank
    玻璃板  ―  bōlí bǎn  ―  glass board
  2. blackboard
    板報／板报  ―  bǎnbào  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)
  3. sluggish; stiff; inflexible
    呆板  ―  dāibǎn  ―  sluggish
    古板  ―  gǔbǎn  ―  stuffy; old-fashioned and inflexible
  4. to harden; hardened
  5. (Internet) board (sub-unit of a larger BBS or imageboard)
  6. (music) clapper
  7. (music) beat; meter; rhythm (in music or Chinese opera)
    行板  ―  xíngbǎn  ―  andante
    散板  ―  sǎnbǎn  ―  sanban
  8. to look serious or displeased
  9. (literary or Min Nan) wooden coffin
  10. (Min Nan) ability; capability; talent

Compounds

Derived terms from 板

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 板 – see 闆 (“used in 老闆”).
(This character, 板, is the simplified form of 闆.)
Notes:
  • Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia and Singapore.
  • Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

References

  • “板”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學／香港中文大学 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

板

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

  • Go-on: へん (hen)
  • Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)
  • Kan’yō-on: ばん (ban, Jōyō)
  • Kun: いた (ita, 板, Jōyō)

Compounds

Compounds
  • 板(はん)木(ぎ) (hangi)
  • 板(ばん)木(ぎ) (bangi)
  • 板(ばん)書(しょ) (bansho)
  • 指(し)板(ばん) (shiban, “fingerboard”)
  • 黒(こく)板(ばん) (kokuban, “blackboard”)
  • 白(はく)板(ばん) (hakuban, “whiteboard”)
  • 平(へい)板(ばん)型(がた) (heiban-gata)
  • 平(へい)板(ばん)式(しき) (heibanshiki)
  • 鉄(てっ)板(ぱん) (teppan, “griddle”)
  • 鉄(てっ)板(ぱん)焼(や)き (teppan'yaki)
  • 三(サン)板(パン) (sanpan), 舢(サン)板(パン) (sanpan, “sampan”)
Kanji in this term
板
いた
Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

  • Kun’yomi
    • (Tokyo) い​た [íꜜtà] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
    • IPA(key): [ita̠]

Noun

板(いた) • (ita) 

  1. plank, board
  2. (cooking) Short for 俎板.
  3. (cooking) Short for 板前.
  4. (cooking) Short for 板場.
  5. (laundry) Short for 洗濯板.
  6. (Internet) board (sub-unit of a larger BBS or imageboard)

Derived terms

Derived terms
  • 板(いた)垣(がき) (itagaki)
  • 板(いた)材(ざい) (itazai)
  • 板(いた)の間(ま) (itanoma)
  • 板(いた)場(ば) (itaba)
  • 板(いた)挟(ばさ)み (itabasami)
  • 板(いた)碑(び) (itabi)
  • 板(いた)塀(べい) (itabei)
  • 板(いた)前(まえ) (itamae)
  • 板(いた)目(め) (itame)
  • 押(おし)板(いた) (oshiita, “shoin style tokonoma”)
  • 俎(まな)板(いた) (manaita)

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

板 (eumhun 널빤지 판 (neolppanji pan))

  1. Hanja form? of 판 (“plank”).

Compounds

  • 算板, 산판 (sanpan)
  • 石膏板, 석고판 (seokgopan)
  • 셈板, 셈판 (sempan)
  • 數板, 수판 (supan)
  • 頂板, 정판 (jeongpan)
  • 籌板, 주판 (jupan)
  • 珠板, 주판 (jupan)

See also

  • 反
  • 版

Vietnamese

Han character

板: Hán Nôm readings: ván, bản, bửng, phản

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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