ὅμηρος
See also: Όμηρος, Ὅμηρος, and όμηρος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Probably from ὁμοῦ (homoû, “together”) + the ἀρ- (ar-) found in ἀραρίσκω (ararískō, “to fasten, join”), with a similar sense development in Latin obses (“pledge, security, hostage”). Compare ὁμαρτέω (homartéō), ὅμᾰδος (hómados).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /hó.mɛː.ros/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈ(h)o.me̝.ros/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈo.mi.ros/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈo.mi.ros/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈo.mi.ros/
Noun
ὅμηρος • (hómēros) m (genitive ὁμήρου); second declension
- pledge, surety, hostage
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.108.3:
- Λοκρῶν τῶν Ὀπουντίων ἑκατὸν ἄνδρας ὁμήρους τοὺς πλουσιωτάτους ἔλαβον
- Lokrôn tôn Opountíōn hekatòn ándras homḗrous toùs plousiōtátous élabon
- from the Locrians of Opus [The Athenians] took as hostages a hundred of the richest men
- Λοκρῶν τῶν Ὀπουντίων ἑκατὸν ἄνδρας ὁμήρους τοὺς πλουσιωτάτους ἔλαβον
Declension
Second declension of ὁ ὅμηρος; τοῦ ὁμήρου (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ ὅμηρος ho hómēros | τὼ ὁμήρω tṑ homḗrō | οἱ ὅμηροι hoi hómēroi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ ὁμήρου toû homḗrou | τοῖν ὁμήροιν toîn homḗroin | τῶν ὁμήρων tôn homḗrōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ ὁμήρῳ tôi homḗrōi | τοῖν ὁμήροιν toîn homḗroin | τοῖς ὁμήροις toîs homḗrois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν ὅμηρον tòn hómēron | τὼ ὁμήρω tṑ homḗrō | τοὺς ὁμήρους toùs homḗrous | ||||||||||
Vocative | ὅμηρε hómēre | ὁμήρω homḗrō | ὅμηροι hómēroi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Related terms
- ὁμαρτέω (homartéō)
Further reading
- “ὅμηρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ὅμηρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN