مسجد

مسجد

Arabic

Etymology

Noun of place from the verb سَجَدَ‎ (sajada, “to bow down”), from the root س ج د‎ (s-j-d). Likely borrowed from a regional Aramaic term for a place of worship, attested in Nabataean Aramaic 𐢓𐢖𐢄𐢅𐢀‎ (msgdʾ) and in Imperial Aramaic 𐡌𐡎𐡂𐡃𐡀‎ (msgdʾ) already in the 5th century BCE, the emphatic state of which seems to underlie some of the Romance descendants.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mas.d͡ʒid/

Noun

مَسْجِد • (masjid) m (plural مَسَاجِد‎ (masājid))

1. (Islam) mosque

   ‏مَسْجِد جَامِع‎ ― masjid jāmiʿ ― central mosque, great mosque

Declension

Declension of noun مَسْجِد (masjid)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَسْجِد masjid	الْمَسْجِد‎ al-masjid	مَسْجِد masjid
Nominative	مَسْجِدٌ masjidun	الْمَسْجِدُ‎ al-masjidu	مَسْجِدُ masjidu
Accusative	مَسْجِدًا‎ masjidan	الْمَسْجِدَ‎ al-masjida	مَسْجِدَ masjida
Genitive	مَسْجِدٍ masjidin	الْمَسْجِدِ‎ al-masjidi	مَسْجِدِ masjidi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَسْجِدَيْن‎ masjidayn	الْمَسْجِدَيْن‎ al-masjidayn	مَسْجِدَيْ‎ masjiday
Nominative	مَسْجِدَانِ‎ masjidāni	الْمَسْجِدَانِ‎ al-masjidāni	مَسْجِدَا‎ masjidā
Accusative	مَسْجِدَيْنِ‎ masjidayni	الْمَسْجِدَيْنِ‎ al-masjidayni	مَسْجِدَيْ‎ masjiday
Genitive	مَسْجِدَيْنِ‎ masjidayni	الْمَسْجِدَيْنِ‎ al-masjidayni	مَسْجِدَيْ‎ masjiday
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَسَاجِد‎ masājid	الْمَسَاجِد‎ al-masājid	مَسَاجِد‎ masājid
Nominative	مَسَاجِدُ‎ masājidu	الْمَسَاجِدُ‎ al-masājidu	مَسَاجِدُ‎ masājidu
Accusative	مَسَاجِدَ‎ masājida	الْمَسَاجِدَ‎ al-masājida	مَسَاجِدَ‎ masājida
Genitive	مَسَاجِدَ‎ masājida	الْمَسَاجِدِ‎ al-masājidi	مَسَاجِدِ‎ masājidi

Derived terms

• اَلْمَسْجِد اَلْحَرَام‎ (al-masjid al-ḥarām, “the Holy Mosque (in Mecca)”)
• اَلْمَسْجِد اَلْأَقْصَى‎ (al-masjid al-ʾaqṣā, “Al-Aqsa Mosque (in Jerusalem’s Temple Square)”)
• اَلْمَسْجِدَان‎ (al-masjidān, “the Two Mosques (of Mecca and Medina)”)

Descendants

Descendants

• Gulf Arabic: مسيد‎ (masyid)
• → Amharic: መስጊድ (mäsgid)
• → Central Kurdish: مزگەوت‎ (mizgewt), مِزگِت‎ (mizgit)
• → Classical Syriac: ܡܣܓܕܐ‎ (masgḏā)
• → English: masjid
• → Javanese: mesjid
  • → Indonesian: mesjid
  • → Dutch: mesdjid
• → Kimaragang: mosigid
• → Malay: masjid
  • Indonesian: masjid
• → Middle Persian: [script needed] (mzgt' /mazgit/)
  • Classical Persian: مزگت‎ (mazgit)
    • → Southern Altai: мечет (mečet)
    • → Old Armenian: մզկիթ (mzkitʿ)
      • Middle Armenian: մզկիթ (mzkitʿ), մզգիթ (mzgitʿ), մսքիթ (mskʿitʿ), մզքիթ (mzkʿitʿ)
        • Armenian: մզկիթ (mzkitʿ)
    • → Avar: мажгит (mažgit)
    • → Bashkir: мәсет (mäset)
    • → Chechen: маьждиг (mäždig)
    • → Crimean Tatar: mescit
    • → Dargwa: мижит (mižit)
    • → Georgian: მეჩეთი (mečeti)
    • → Lak: мизит (mizit)
    • → Ingush: маьждиг (mäždig)
    • → Kazakh: мешіт (meşıt)
    • → Nogai: мешит (meşit)
    • → Tatar: мәчет (mäçet)
      • → Russian: мече́ть (mečétʹ)
        • → Lithuanian: mečètė
        • → Ukrainian: мече́ть (mečétʹ)
          • → Polish: meczet
          • → Yiddish: מעטשעט‎ (metshet)
• → Classical Persian: مسجد‎‎ (masjid)
  • Tajik: masjid
  • → Azerbaijani: məscid
  • → Bengali: মসজিদ (môsôjid)
  • → Gujarati: મસ્જિદ (masjid)
  • → Hindustani:

    → Hindi: मस्जिद (masjid)

    → Urdu: مسجد‎ (masjid)

  • → Kannada: ಮಸೀದಿ (masīdi)
  • → Magahi: 𑂧𑂯𑂔𑂱𑂠 (mahjid)
  • → Marathi: मस्जिद (masjid), मशीद (maśīd)
  • → Northern Kurdish: mescîd, mizgeft

    → Lishana Deni: מזגפת‎ (məzgaft(e))

  • → Ottoman Turkish: مسجد‎
    • Turkish: mescit
    • → Hungarian: mecset
  • → Old Punjabi: مَسِیت‎ (masīti)
    • Punjabi: masīt

      Gurmukhi: ਮਸੀਤ

      Shahmukhi: مَسِیت‎

  • → Rajasthani: मसीत (masīt), मसीद (masīd)
  • → Tamil: மஸ்ஜித் (masjit)
  • → Turkmen: metjit
  • → Uzbek: masjid
• → Swahili: msikiti
  • → Kamba: mũsikiti
  • → Luganda: omuzikiti
  • → Rwanda-Rundi: umusigiti
  • → Yao: msikiti
    • → Chichewa: mzikiti
• → Hebrew: מִסְגָּד‎ (misgā́d) (calque)
• → Portuguese: Magide
• → Thai: มัสยิด (mát-sà-yít)

See also

• جَامِع‎ (jāmiʿ)

References

• “msgd”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Schwally, Friedrich (1898), “Lexikalische Studien”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 52, page 134
• Wehr, Hans (1979), “سجد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

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Malay

Etymology

From Arabic مَسْجِد‎ (masjid).

Pronunciation

• (Johor-Selangor) IPA^(key): /masd͡ʒet/
• (Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /masd͡ʒɪt/
• Rhymes: -d͡ʒet, -et

Noun

مسجد (Rumi spelling masjid, plural مسجد-مسجد or مسجد۲‎, informal 1st possessive مسجدکو‎, 2nd possessive مسجدمو‎, 3rd possessive مسجدڽ‎)

1. mosque (a place of worship for Muslims)

Synonyms

• جامع‎ / jamik
• سوراو‎ / surau (smaller, less role)
• لڠݢر‎ / langgar (smaller, less role)

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Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic مَسْجِد‎ (masjid).

Noun

مسجد • (mescid)

1. (Islam) mosque

Descendants

• Turkish: mescit
• → Hungarian: mecset

References

• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “مسجد”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1851

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Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَسْجِد‎ (masjid).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /masd͡ʒið/

• (Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /masd͡ʒɪd/

• (Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /mæsd͡ʒed/

• (Tajik) IPA^(key): /masd͡ʒid/

Noun

Dari	مسجد
Iranian Persian
Tajik	масҷид (masjid)

مسجد • (masjed) (plural مساجد‎ (masâjed) or مسجدها‎ (masjed-hâ))

1. mosque

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South Levantine Arabic

Root
س ج د‎

Etymology

From Arabic مَسْجِد‎ (masjid).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mas.ʒid/, [ˈmas.ʒɪd]

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

Noun

مسجد • (masjid) m (plural مساجد‎ (masājid))

1. mosque

   Synonym: جامع‎ (jāmeʕ)

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Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian مسجد‎ (masjid), from Arabic مَسْجِد‎ (masjid).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /məs.d͡ʒɪd̪/
• Rhymes: -ɪd̪
• Hyphenation: مَسْ‧جِد

Noun

مَسْجِد • (masjid) f (plural مَساجِد‎, Hindi spelling मस्जिद)

1. (Islam) mosque
2. (Judaism, obsolete) synagogue

   ‏مسجد بنی اسرائیل‎

   masjid banī isrā'īl

   Bene Israel synagogue

   (literally, “Sons of Israel mosque”)

   Synonym: کنیسہ‎ (kanīsa)

Declension

Declension of مسجد
	singular	plural
direct	مسجد‎ (masjid)	مسجدیں‎ (masjidẽ)
oblique	مسجد‎ (masjid)	مسجدوں‎ (masjidõ)
vocative	مسجد‎ (masjid)	مسجدو‎ (masjido)

References

• “مسجد”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “مسجد”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.