Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/wernā

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Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/wernā

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Alternative forms

• *werno-

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wern- (“alder”).

Noun

*wernā f[1]

1. alder

Declension

Feminine ā-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*wernā	*wernai	*wernās
vocative	*wernā	*wernai	*wernās
accusative	*wernam	*wernai	*wernāms
genitive	*wernās	*wernous	*wernom
dative	*wernāi	*wernābom	*wernābos
locative	*wernai	*?	*?
instrumental	*?	*wernābim	*wernābis

Descendants

• Old Irish: fern
  • Irish: fearn
    • ⇒ Irish: fearnóg
  • Manx: farney
  • Scottish Gaelic: feàrna
• Proto-Brythonic: *gwern
  • Welsh: gwern, gwernen (“alder”)
  • Old Breton: guaern
    • Middle Breton: guern
      • Breton: gwern (“alder”)
  • Old Cornish: guern, guernen
    • Cornish: gwern
• Gaulish: *wernā
  • → Latin: verna, vernum
    • Catalan: vern, verna
    • French: vergne, verne
    • Ligurian: verna
    • Occitan: verna
    • Piedmontese: verna

References

1. Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*werno-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 414