茜

茜

茜 U+831C, 茜 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-831C ← 茛 [U+831B] CJK Unified Ideographs 茝 → [U+831D]

Translingual

Han character

茜 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+6, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 9 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿一金田 (TMCW), four-corner 4460₁, composition ⿱艹西)

Derived characters

• 𣺋

References

• KangXi: page 1027, character 28
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30871
• Dae Jaweon: page 1486, character 24
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3200, character 12
• Unihan data for U+831C

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Chinese

trad.		茜
simp. #		茜
alternative forms		蒨 𦵻 𦴛 𦻤

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (西) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
粞	*sɯːl, *sɯːl
洒	*sraːls, *sɯːlʔ
西	*sɯːl
卤	*sɯːl
卥	*sɯːl
栖	*sɯːl, *sɯːls
茜	*sʰɯːns
哂	*hjɯnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sʰɯːns) : semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 西 (OC *sɯːl).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiàn (qian⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sin³, sin⁶
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhiàn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cêng³ / ciang³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ciàn
    • Wade–Giles: chʻien⁴
    • Yale: chyàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiann
    • Palladius: цянь (cjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰjɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: sin³, sin⁶
    • Yale: sin, sihn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sin³, sin⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: xin³, xin⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siːn³³/, /siːn²²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiàn
    • Tâi-lô: tshiàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chiexn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɛn⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕʰiɛn¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cêng³ / ciang³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshèng / tshiàng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰeŋ²¹³/, /t͡sʰiaŋ²¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡sʰen^H/

Rime
Character	茜
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	倉甸切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰenH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰenH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɛnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰɛnH/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰenH/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰienH/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰienH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cin3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰɯːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	茜
Reading #	1/1
No.	13243
Phonetic component	西
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	蒨
Old Chinese	/*sʰɯːns/

Definitions

茜

1. (～草) madder (Rubia cordifolia)

   Synonyms: 蒐 (sōu), 韎 (mèi)

2. (literary) dark red
3. to dye red

Compounds

茜素 (qiànsù)

茜草 (qiàncǎo)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation from modern pronunciation of its phonetic part 西 (xī).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xī (xi¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sai¹
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): se

  (Teochew, Peng'im): si¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xī
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: si
    • Wade–Giles: hsi¹
    • Yale: syī
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
    • Palladius: си (si)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: sai¹
    • Yale: sāi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sai¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sei¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐi̯⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: se
    • Tâi-lô: se
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sef
    • IPA (Xiamen): /se⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /se³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /se⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /se⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /se⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: si¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: si
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /si³³/

Definitions

茜

1. Used in personal names and transcription.

   茜蒂·諾哈麗莎／茜蒂·诺哈丽莎  ―  Xīdì Nuòhālìshā  ―  Siti Nurhaliza

Etymology 3

Variant of 荽.

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sai¹

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• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: sai¹
    • Yale: sāi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sai¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sei¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐi̯⁵⁵/

Definitions

茜

1. Only used in 芫茜.

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Japanese

Kanji

茜

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. madder

Readings

• Go-on: せん (sen)
• Kan-on: せん (sen)
• Kan’yō-on: せい (sei)
• Kun: あかね (akane, 茜)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
茜
あかね Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

Originally a compound of 赤 (aka, “red”) +‎ 根 (ne, “root”).[1][2]

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) あかね [àkáné] (Heiban – [0])[2]
• IPA^(key): [a̠ka̠ne̞]

Noun

茜(あかね) • (akane) 

1. a madder plant of the genus Rubia, especially the Japanese madder, Rubia argyi
2. a dye made from the roots of a madder plant
3. Short for 茜色 (akane-iro): madder red
4. a red dragonfly

   Synonym: 赤とんぼ (aka tonbo)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 茜(あかね)色(いろ) (akane-iro)
• 茜(アカネ)葛(カズラ) (akane kazura)
• 茜(あかね)雲(ぐも) (akane-gumo)
• 茜(あかね)さす (akane sasu, pillow word)
• 茜(アカネ)菫(スミレ) (akane sumire)
• 茜(あかね)染(ぞめ), 茜(あかね)染(ぞ)め (akanezome)
• 茜(あかね)蜻蛉(とんぼ) (akane tonbo)
• 茜(あかね)掘(ほ)る (akane horu)
• 西洋(セイヨウ)茜(アカネ) (seiyō akane, “Rubia tinctorum”)
• 秋(アキ)茜(アカネ) (aki akane)
• 夏(ナツ)茜(アカネ) (natsu akane)
• 初(はつ)茜(あかね) (hatsu akane)
• 春(はる)茜(あかね) (haru akane)
• 眉立(マユタテ)茜(アカネ) (mayutate akane)
• 深(ミ)山(ヤマ)茜(アカネ) (miyama akane)

See also

• ガランス (garansu)

Proper noun

茜(あかね) • (Akane) 

1. a female given name
2. a surname

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
茜
せん Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 茜 (MC t͡sʰen^H).

Proper noun

茜(せん) • (Sen) 

1. a female given name
2. a surname

References

1. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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Vietnamese

Han character

茜: Hán Nôm readings: thiến

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.