煉獄

煉獄

See also: 炼狱

Chinese

		refine; smelt	prison
trad. (煉獄)		煉	獄
simp. (炼狱)		炼	狱

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): liànyù

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄢˋ ㄩˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lin⁶ juk⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lien-ngiu̍k
• Min Nan (POJ): liān-ga̍k / liān-ge̍k

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: liànyù
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄢˋ ㄩˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liannyiw
    • Tongyong Pinyin: liànyù
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ljɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: lin⁶ juk⁶
    • Yale: lihn yuhk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lin⁶ juk⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: lin⁶ yug⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /liːn²² jʊk̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lien-ngiu̍k
    • Hakka Romanization System: lien ngiug
    • Hagfa Pinyim: lian⁴ ngiug⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /li̯en⁵⁵ ɲi̯uk̚⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liān-ga̍k / liān-ge̍k
    • Tâi-lô: liān-ga̍k / liān-gi̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liexn'gak, liexn'gek
    • IPA (Xiamen): /liɛn²²⁻²¹ gak̚⁴/, /liɛn²²⁻²¹ giɪk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /liɛn⁴¹⁻²² gak̚²⁴/, /liɛn⁴¹⁻²² giɪk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɛn²²⁻²¹ gak̚¹²¹/, /liɛn²²⁻²¹ giɪk̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /liɛn³³⁻¹¹ gak̚⁴/, /liɛn³³⁻¹¹ giɪk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɛn³³⁻²¹ gak̚⁴/, /liɛn³³⁻²¹ giɪk̚⁴/

Noun

煉獄

1. (theology, Roman Catholicism) purgatory

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
煉	獄
れん Jinmeiyō	ごく Grade: S
on’yomi

Etymology

煉 (ren, “to refine”) +‎ 獄 (goku, “prison”)

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Goon
  • (Tokyo) れんごく [rèńgókú] (Heiban – [0])
  • IPA^(key): [ɾẽ̞ŋɡo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

煉獄 (hiragana れんごく, rōmaji rengoku)

1. (theology) purgatory
   • 2003, Enrico Maxwell- page 76 in Chapter 42 ("Aubird Force") of Hellsing volume 6

     まるで煉獄。

     まるでれんごく。

     Marude rengoku.

     Just like purgatory.

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Korean

Hanja in this term
煉	獄

Noun

煉獄 • (yeonok, McCune-Reischauer: yŏnok, Yale: yēn.ok) (hangeul 연옥)

1. Hanja form^? of 연옥 (“purgatory”).

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
煉	獄

Noun

煉獄

1. Hán tự form of luyện ngục (“purgatory”).