波那娑

波那娑

Chinese

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (波那娑)		波	那	娑
variant forms		波那沙 婆那娑 半橠娑 半娜娑

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit पनस (panasa, “breadfruit; jackfruit”), पणस (paṇasa, “jackfruit”), perhaps a Dravidian loan. Compare Pali panasa (“breadfruit; jackfruit”), Hindi पनस (panas, “jackfruit”), Marathi फणस (phaṇas, “jackfruit”), Telugu పనస (panasa, “jackfruit”), Tamil பலா (palā, “jackfruit”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bōnuósuō

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄛ ㄋㄨㄛˊ ㄙㄨㄛ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: bōnuósuō
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄛ ㄋㄨㄛˊ ㄙㄨㄛ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bonuosuo
    • IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ nu̯ɔ³⁵ su̯ɔ⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /puɑ  nɑ  sɑ/▼

Rime
Character	波	那	娑
Reading #	1/1	1/3	1/2
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	泥 (8)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)	歌 (94)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I
Fanqie	博禾切	諾何切	素何切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/puɑ/	/nɑ/	/sɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/puɑ/	/nɑ/	/sɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/puɑ/	/nɑ/	/sɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pwa/	/na/	/sa/
Li Rong	/puɑ/	/nɑ/	/sɑ/
Wang Li	/puɑ/	/nɑ/	/sɑ/
Bernard Karlgren	/puɑ/	/nɑ/	/sɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bō	nuó	suō

Noun

波那娑

1. (archaic) jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 菠蘿蜜 (“jackfruit”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		波那娑, 婆那娑, 波那沙, 半橠娑, 半娜娑
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		菠蘿蜜
Taxonomic name		菠蘿蜜
Mandarin	Beijing	菠蘿蜜
	Taiwan	菠蘿蜜
	Liuzhou	木菠蘿
Cantonese	Guangzhou	菠蘿蜜, 大樹菠蘿, 木菠蘿
	Hong Kong	大樹菠蘿
	Nanning	木菠蘿, 樹菠蘿
	Wuzhou	木菠蘿
	Yulin	木菠蘿
	Hepu	木菠蘿
	Kuala Lumpur	mangka
	Ho Chi Minh City	菠蘿蜜
Hakka	Senai	mangka
Min Nan	Penang	mangka
	Singapore	mangka
	Johor Bahru	mangka
	Wenchang	包蜜
	Haikou	包蜜
	Leizhou	包蘿
Pinghua	Nanning	木菠蘿