推量形

Japanese

Kanji in this term
推	量	形
すい Grade: 6	りょう Grade: 4	けい Grade: 2
on’yomi

Pronunciation

On’yomi
- IPA^(key): [sɨᵝiɾʲo̞ːke̞ː]

Noun

推量形 (hiragana すいりょうけい, rōmaji suiryōkei, historical hiragana すいりやうけい)

(grammar) conjectural form

Usage notes

In modern Japanese, the conjectural form of godan verbs are formed with the auxiliary う (u), which attaches to the 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis or incomplete stem”) of the verb which ended in -a. The a in the stem and the u in the auxiliary contracted to ō, which is spelled o + u in modern kana orthography and can be reanalysed as such.

書く (kaku, “to write”): 書か (kaka-) + う (-u) → 書こう (kakō), which can be reanalysed as from a stem *書こ (kako-) + う (-u).

The term 推量形 (suiryōkei) can refer to either the whole conjugated form (kakō) or the pseudostem ending in -o (kako-).

The conjectural form of other verb classes undergoes no contraction, thus the term 推量形 (suiryōkei) either refers to the whole conjugated form or is synonymous with 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis or incomplete stem”).

Synonyms

(Japanese grammar) 意 (い)志 (し)形 (けい) (ishikei)