慟

慟

See also: 恸

慟 U+615F, 慟 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-615F ← 慞 [U+615E] CJK Unified Ideographs 慠 → [U+6160]

Translingual

Han character

慟 (radical 61, 心+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 心竹土尸 (PHGS), four-corner 9402₇, composition ⿰忄動)

1. sadness, grief
2. mourn
3. be moved

References

• KangXi: page 399, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11103
• Dae Jaweon: page 738, character 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2346, character 6
• Unihan data for U+615F

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Chinese

trad.		慟
simp.		恸

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 慟
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (重) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
撞	*rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
幢	*rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
橦	*rdoːŋ, *doːŋ, *tjoŋ
噇	*rdoːŋ
𩪘	*rdoːŋ
艟	*rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
憧	*rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
畽	*tʰoːnʔ, *tʰuːnʔ
董	*toːŋʔ
蕫	*toːŋʔ, *doːŋ
箽	*toːŋʔ
懂	*toːŋʔ
湩	*toːŋs, *tuːŋʔ, *toŋs
曈	*tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
童	*doːŋ
僮	*doːŋ
瞳	*doːŋ
罿	*doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
犝	*doːŋ
潼	*doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
穜	*doːŋ, *doŋ
動	*doːŋʔ
慟	*doːŋs
堹	*toŋs
諥	*toŋs
蹱	*tʰoŋ, *tʰoŋs, *tjoŋ
重	*doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs
緟	*doŋ, *doŋs
蝩	*doŋ
褈	*doŋ, *tʰjoŋ
鐘	*tjoŋ, *tjoŋ
鍾	*tjoŋ
籦	*tjoŋ
種	*tjoŋʔ, *tjoŋs
腫	*tjoŋʔ
踵	*tjoŋʔ
歱	*tjoŋʔ
喠	*tjoŋʔ, *tʰjoŋʔ
偅	*tjoŋs
衝	*tʰjoŋ
揰	*tʰjoŋs
尰	*djoŋʔ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tòng (tong⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): dung⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: tòng
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥˋ
    • Wade–Giles: t'ung⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tonq
    • IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: dung⁶
    • Yale: duhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dung⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: dung⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ²²/

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• Middle Chinese: /duŋ^H/▼

Rime
Character	慟
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒弄切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/duŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/duŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/duŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dəwŋH/
Li Rong	/duŋH/
Wang Li	/duŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱuŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dòng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]ˤoŋʔ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*doːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	慟
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tòng
Middle Chinese	‹ duwngH ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]ˁoŋʔ-s/
English	grieved
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	慟
Reading #	1/1
No.	17450
Phonetic component	重
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	洞
Old Chinese	/*doːŋs/

Definitions

慟

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Compounds

哀慟／哀恸 (āitòng) 大慟／大恸 (dàtòng) 悲慟／悲恸 (bēitòng)

慟哭／恸哭 (tòngkū) 慟哭流涕／恸哭流涕 慟絕／恸绝

撫尸慟哭／抚尸恸哭 撫膺大慟／抚膺大恸 觸目慟心／触目恸心

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Japanese

Kanji

慟

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: ずう (zū)
• Kan-on: とう (tō)
• Kan’yō-on: どう (dō)
• Kun: なげく (nageku, 慟く)

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Korean

Hanja

慟 (eum 통 (tong))

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Vietnamese

Han character

慟: Hán Nôm readings: đỏng

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