工作
Chinese
work; worker; skill; profession; trade; craft; labor | to regard as; to take (somebody) for; to do; to make | ||
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simp. and trad. (工作) | 工 | 作 |
Pronunciation
Verb
工作
- to work (to be engaged in a mental or physical activity)
- 你以為我在工作,其實我在玩。 [MSC, trad.]
- Nǐ yǐwéi wǒ zài gōngzuò, qíshí wǒ zài wán. [Pinyin]
- You thought I was working, but I was actually having fun.
你以为我在工作,其实我在玩。 [MSC, simp.]
- to work (to be employed)
- 我在這裡工作已經十多年了。 [MSC, trad.]
- Wǒ zài zhèlǐ gōngzuò yǐjīng shí duō nián le. [Pinyin]
- I've been working here for more than ten years.
我在这里工作已经十多年了。 [MSC, simp.]
- to work (to function properly)
- 我的電腦不工作了。 [MSC, trad.]
- Wǒ de diànnǎo bù gōngzuò le. [Pinyin]
- My computer is not working.
我的电脑不工作了。 [MSC, simp.]
Antonyms
- (work; to be engaged in an activity): 歇息 (xiēxi)
Noun
工作
- (uncountable) work (employment)
- 工作滿足感 / 工作满足感 ― gōngzuò mǎnzúgǎn ― job satisfaction
- 找不到工作 ― zhǎobudào gōngzuò ― to be unable to find work
- 我在這裡找工作。 / 我在这里找工作。 ― Wǒ zài zhèlǐ zhǎo gōngzuò. ― I'm looking for work here.
- 工作進行地很順利。 [MSC, trad.]
- Gōngzuò jìnxíng de hěn shùnlì. [Pinyin]
- Work is going well.
工作进行地很顺利。 [MSC, simp.]
- (countable) job (position) (Classifier: 份; 個/个)
- 他大學畢業六個月了,一份工作都沒找到。 [MSC, trad.]
- Tā dàxué bìyè liù ge yuè le, yī fèn gōngzuò dōu méi zhǎodào. [Pinyin]
- He graduated six months ago and still hasn't found a job.
他大学毕业六个月了,一份工作都没找到。 [MSC, simp.]- 我的工作很辛苦,需要長途飛行。 [MSC, trad.]
- Wǒ de gōngzuò hěn xīnkǔ, xūyào chángtú fēixíng. [Pinyin]
- My job is very exhausting as I have to fly long distances.
我的工作很辛苦,需要长途飞行。 [MSC, simp.]
- (countable, uncountable) task; job; work (something to do) (Classifier: 份 m; 項/项 m; 個/个)
- 籌備工作 / 筹备工作 ― chóubèi gōngzuò ― preparatory work
- 爸爸給我一個很重要的工作。 [MSC, trad.]
- Bàba gěi wǒ yī ge hěn zhòngyào de gōngzuò. [Pinyin]
- Dad gave me a very important task.
爸爸给我一个很重要的工作。 [MSC, simp.]
- (archaic, countable) ingenious accomplishment (Classifier: 個/个)
Usage notes
There are many equivalents for English to work in Chinese, the most common and generic being 工作 (gōngzuò). Use 上班 (shàngbān) for shift work, 辦公/办公 (bàngōng) for office or administration work and 幹活/干活 (gànhuó) for physical work.
Derived terms
Derived terms from 工作
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Descendants
Sino-Xenic (工作):
- → Japanese: 工作 (kōsaku)
- → Korean: 공작 (工作, gongjak)
- → Vietnamese: công tác (工作)
Others:
- → Zhuang: gunghcoz
See also
- 幹活/干活 (gànhuó)
- 勞動/劳动 (láodòng)
- 任務/任务 (rènwù)
- 上班 (shàngbān)
- 務工/务工 (wùgōng)
- 職業/职业 (zhíyè)
- 做事 (zuòshì)
- (Cantonese) 做嘢 (zou6 je5)
- (Min Nan) 做穡/做穑 (chò-sit; chòe-sit)
- (Min Nan) 空課/空课 (khang-khòe; khang-khè)
Japanese
Kanji in this term | |
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工 | 作 |
こう Grade: 2 | さく Grade: 2 |
on’yomi |
Noun
工作 (hiragana こうさく, rōmaji kōsaku)
- handicraft, industrial art, woodwork
- underground negotiation of political, foreign relations
- activities of espionage
Compounds
- 工作員
Verb
工作する (hiragana こうさくする, rōmaji kōsaku suru)
- to handcraft
- to construct
- to scheme
Conjugation
Conjugation of "工作する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms | ||||
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Imperfective (未然形) | 工作し | こうさくし | kōsaku shi | |
Continuative (連用形) | 工作し | こうさくし | kōsaku shi | |
Terminal (終止形) | 工作する | こうさくする | kōsaku suru | |
Attributive (連体形) | 工作する | こうさくする | kōsaku suru | |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 工作すれ | こうさくすれ | kōsaku sure | |
Imperative (命令形) | 工作せよ¹ 工作しろ² | こうさくせよ¹ こうさくしろ² | kōsaku seyo¹ kōsaku shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 工作される | こうさくされる | kōsaku sareru | |
Causative | 工作させる 工作さす | こうさくさせる こうさくさす | kōsaku saseru kōsaku sasu | |
Potential | 工作できる | こうさくできる | kōsaku dekiru | |
Volitional | 工作しよう | こうさくしよう | kōsaku shiyō | |
Negative | 工作しない | こうさくしない | kōsaku shinai | |
Negative continuative | 工作せず | こうさくせず | kōsaku sezu | |
Formal | 工作します | こうさくします | kōsaku shimasu | |
Perfective | 工作した | こうさくした | kōsaku shita | |
Conjunctive | 工作して | こうさくして | kōsaku shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 工作すれば | こうさくすれば | kōsaku sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
Korean
Hanja in this term | |
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工 | 作 |
Noun
工作 • (gongjak) (hangeul 공작)
- Hanja form? of 공작 (“crafts; maneuver, maneuvering”).
Vietnamese
Hán tự in this word | |
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工 | 作 |
Noun
工作
- Hán tự form of công tác (“mission; task”).