ῥητίνη
Ancient Greek
Etymology
The suffix -ῑνος and -ῑνη are found both with inherited and with Pre-Greek words. Since there are no good cognates, however, the word is probably Pre-Greek. The comparison with Latin rasis (“kind of raw pitch pulverized to dust”) is uncertain. Latin rēsīna gives proof of a dialectal Greek by-form *ῥησίνα (*rhēsína); the variation attested by this form shows that this is a Pre-Greek word.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /r̥ɛː.tǐː.nɛː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /re̝ˈti.ne̝/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /riˈti.ni/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /riˈti.ni/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /riˈti.ni/
Noun
ῥητῑ́νη • (rhētī́nē) f (genitive ῥητῑ́νης); first declension
- resin of the pine
- 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, On Joints 63
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 617a.19
- 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 9.2.1
- 200 BCE – 100 BCE, Nicander, Alexipharmaca 300
- 200 BCE – 100 BCE, Nicander, Alexipharmaca 554
- 40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 1.71
Declension
First declension of ἡ ῥητῑ́νη; τῆς ῥητῑ́νης (Attic)
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ἡ ῥητῑ́νη hē rhētī́nē | τὼ ῥητῑ́νᾱ tṑ rhētī́nā | αἱ ῥητῖναι hai rhētînai | ||||||||||
Genitive | τῆς ῥητῑ́νης tês rhētī́nēs | τοῖν ῥητῑ́ναιν toîn rhētī́nain | τῶν ῥητῑνῶν tôn rhētīnôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῇ ῥητῑ́νῃ têi rhētī́nēi | τοῖν ῥητῑ́ναιν toîn rhētī́nain | ταῖς ῥητῑ́ναις taîs rhētī́nais | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὴν ῥητῑ́νην tḕn rhētī́nēn | τὼ ῥητῑ́νᾱ tṑ rhētī́nā | τᾱ̀ς ῥητῑ́νᾱς tā̀s rhētī́nās | ||||||||||
Vocative | ῥητῑ́νη rhētī́nē | ῥητῑ́νᾱ rhētī́nā | ῥητῖναι rhētînai | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- ῥητινίζω (rhētinízō)
- ῥητινίτης (rhētinítēs)
- ῥητινόκηρον (rhētinókēron)
- ῥητινόω (rhētinóō)
- ῥητινώδης (rhētinṓdēs)
Descendants
- → Arabic: رَاتِينَج (rātīnaj)
- → Medieval Latin: ratinegi
- → Middle Armenian: ռատինէճ (ṙatinēč)
- ⇒ English: retinalite, retinasphalt
- → Greek: ρητίνη (ritíni)
- → Latin: rēsīna, rētīna
- → Albanian: rrëshirë
- → Arabic: رَجِينَة (rajīna)
- → Ottoman Turkish: رچینه (reçine)
- Turkish: reçine
- → Greek: ρετσίνι (retsíni)
- → Ottoman Turkish: رچینه (reçine)
- Aromanian: arushinã, ritsinã
- Franco-Provençal: rèsina
- Friulian: rèsine
- → Irish: roisín
- Italian: resina
- → Byzantine Greek: ρετσίνα (retsína)
- Greek: ρετσίνα (retsína)
- → Byzantine Greek: ρετσίνα (retsína)
- Old French: reysin
- French: résine
- → Middle English: resyn
- English: resin
- Old Occitan: resina
- Catalan: resina, reïna
- Occitan: rosina
- Old Portuguese: resina
- Galician: resina, recina
- Portuguese: resina
- Piedmontese: resna
- Romanian: rășină
- → Russian: рези́на (rezína)
- Sicilian: rìsina
- Old Spanish: resina
- Spanish: resina
References
- “ῥητίνη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ῥητίνη in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN