-ment
English
Alternative forms
- ⠰⠞
Etymology
From Middle English -ment, from Late Latin -amentum, from -mentum via Old French -ment.
Suffix
-ment
- Used to form nouns from verbs, the nouns having the sense of "the action or result of what is denoted by the verb".
Usage notes
Generally attached to stem without changes, except when the stem ends in -dge, where the -e is sometimes dropped, as in abridgment, acknowledgment, judgment, and lodgment, with the forms without -e being preferred in American English. Of these, judgment is the most significant, and usage varies globally; see Judgment: Spelling for discussion.
Synonyms
- -tion
Derived terms
Translations
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See also
-ent
Anagrams
- T-men
Catalan
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Valencian) IPA(key): /ˈ-ment/
- (Central) IPA(key): /ˈ-men/
Etymology 1
From Old Catalan -ment, from Latin mente, ablative singular of mēns (“mind”).
Suffix
-ment
- Added to the feminine singular form of an adjective to form an adverb. Compare English -wise, -ly.
- actual (“current”) + -ment → actualment (“currently”)
Usage notes
In adverbs formed with the suffix -ment, two syllables are stressed: the syllable that was stressed in the original adjective, and the suffix. For example, ràpida (“quick”, feminine singular) yields ràpidament (“quickly”), which is stressed /ˌra.pi.ðə.ˈmen/, as if spelled ràpidamént.
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From Old Catalan -ment, from Latin -mentum, from earlier Latin -menta.
Suffix
-ment
- Used to form nouns from verbs. Cognate with -ment.
- patir (“to suffer”) + -ment → patiment (“suffering”)
Derived terms
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mɑ̃/
Etymology 1
From Middle French -ment, from Old French -ment, from Latin mente, ablative singular of mēns (“mind”). This Latin noun was feminine, which explains why adverbs formed with this suffix use the feminine form of the adjective; for example, vivement comes from vive (feminine form of vif) + -ment, and could be glossed as "in a lively spirit".
Suffix
-ment
- Used to form adverbs (from the feminine form of an adjective), most of the time equivalent to the English -wise, -ly.
- rapide + -ment → rapidement
Usage notes
With adjectives ending in -ant(e), -ent(e), the suffix combines with the ending to produce -amment, -emment (both pronounced /a.mɑ̃/).
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From Middle French -ment, from Old French -ment, from Late Latin -mentum, from Latin -menta, from Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ plus *-teh₂.
Suffix
-ment
- Used to form nouns from verbs, usually indicating a resulting action or state. Equivalent to the English -ment.
- parer + -ment → parement
- abandonner + -ment → abandonnement
- manier + -ment → maniement
Derived terms
Descendants
- → Norwegian Bokmål: -ment
Maltese
Etymology
Borrowed from Sicilian -menti and Italian -mente, from Latin mens.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mɛnt/
Suffix
-ment
- Forms adverbs form adjectives; -ly
Usage notes
- Generally restricted to adjectives of Romance origin, but occasional exceptions such as ħerqanament (“eagerly”) are attestable.
Derived terms
Middle English
Etymology
From Old French -ment, from Latin -mentum.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mɛnt/
Suffix
-ment
- Forms nouns denoting a result or action from verbal roots; -ment.
Derived terms
Descendants
- English: -ment
- Scots: -ment
References
- “-ment, suf.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-11-2.
Middle French
Etymology
- From Old French -ment, from Latin mente, the ablative singular of mēns (“mind”).
- From Old French -ment, from Late Latin -mentum
Suffix
-ment
- Used to form adverbs, most of the time equivalent to the English -wise, -ly.
- Used to form nouns from verbs, usually of action or state resulting of them. Equivalent to the English -ment.
Descendants
- French: -ment
- → Norwegian Bokmål: -ment
Norman
Etymology
From Old French -ment, from Latin mente, the ablative singular of mēns (“mind”).
Suffix
-ment
- used to form adverbs (from the feminine form of an adjective)
Derived terms
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology 1
From Late Latin -mentum (“instrument, medium, or result of”), from -menta, from Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥teh₂, from *-mn̥ (creates action nouns or result nouns) + *-teh₂ (forms nouns representing state of being).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mɛnt/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɛnt
- Hyphenation: -ment
Suffix
-ment (definite singular neuter -mentet, definite singular masculine -menten, indefinite plural -ment or -menter, definite plural -mentene or -menta)
- Used to form nouns from verbal stems, often denoting an action, means or state; -ment
- dokument, eksperiment, fundament, instrument, medikament, pigment ― document, experiment, foundation, instrument, drug, pigment
Etymology 2
From French -ment, from Middle French -ment, from Old French -ment, from Late Latin -mentum (“instrument, medium, or result of”), from -menta, from Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥teh₂, from *-mn̥ (creates action nouns or result nouns) + *-teh₂ (forms nouns representing state of being).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /maŋ/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -aŋ
- Hyphenation: -ment
Suffix
-ment (definite singular neuter -mentet, definite singular masculine -menten, indefinite plural -ment or -menter, definite plural -mentene or -menta)
- Used to form nouns often denoting action, means or state; -ment
- abonnement, arrangement, bombardement, resonnement, signalement ― subscription, event, bombardment, reasoning, signaling
References
- “-ment” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
- “-ment” in Store norske leksikon
Anagrams
- ment, nemt
Occitan
Etymology
From Old Occitan, from Late Latin -mentum, from Latin -menta.
Suffix
-ment
- -ly (used to form adverbs from adjectives)
- -ment; suffix used to form nouns
Derived terms
Old French
Etymology 1
From Latin mente, ablative singular of mēns (“mind”).
Suffix
-ment
- Used to form adverbs, most of the time equivalent to the English -wise, -ly.
- Example: hastivement
Descendants
- French: -ment
- Norman: -ment
Etymology 2
- From Late Latin -mentum, from Latin -menta.
Suffix
-ment
- Used to form nouns from verbs, usually of action or state resulting of them. Equivalent to the English -ment.
- Example: bastissement
Descendants
- → Middle English: -ment
- English: -ment
- Scots: -ment
- Middle French: -ment
- French: -ment
- → Norwegian Bokmål: -ment
- French: -ment
Scots
Etymology
From Middle English -ment.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mənt/
Suffix
-ment
- Forms nouns denoting a result or action from verbal roots; -ment.
Swedish
Suffix
-ment
- -ment; form nouns from verbs. See also -mang.