शरण

शरण

See also: सरण, श्रेणी, and श्रोणि

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शरण (śaraṇá).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ʃə.ɾəɳ/, [ʃə.ɾə̃ɳ]

Noun

शरण • (śaraṇ) f (Urdu spelling شرن‎)

1. shelter, refuge

   हमने छत के नीचे शरण ली। ― hamne chat ke nīce śaraṇ lī. ― We took shelter under the roof.

Declension

Declension of शरण (fem cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	शरण śaraṇ	शरणें śaraṇẽ
oblique	शरण śaraṇ	शरणों śaraṇõ
vocative	शरण śaraṇ	शरणो śaraṇo

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989), “शरण”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

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Sanskrit

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɐ.ɾɐ́.ɳɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɕɐ.ɾɐ.ɳɐ/

Noun

शरण • (śaraṇá) m

1. one of the arrows of Kamadeva

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शरण (śaraṇá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शरणः śaraṇáḥ	शरणौ śaraṇaú	शरणाः / शरणासः¹ śaraṇā́ḥ / śaraṇā́saḥ¹
Vocative	शरण śáraṇa	शरणौ śáraṇau	शरणाः / शरणासः¹ śáraṇāḥ / śáraṇāsaḥ¹
Accusative	शरणम् śaraṇám	शरणौ śaraṇaú	शरणान् śaraṇā́n
Instrumental	शरणेन śaraṇéna	शरणाभ्याम् śaraṇā́bhyām	शरणैः / शरणेभिः¹ śaraṇaíḥ / śaraṇébhiḥ¹
Dative	शरणाय śaraṇā́ya	शरणाभ्याम् śaraṇā́bhyām	शरणेभ्यः śaraṇébhyaḥ
Ablative	शरणात् śaraṇā́t	शरणाभ्याम् śaraṇā́bhyām	शरणेभ्यः śaraṇébhyaḥ
Genitive	शरणस्य śaraṇásya	शरणयोः śaraṇáyoḥ	शरणानाम् śaraṇā́nām
Locative	शरणे śaraṇé	शरणयोः śaraṇáyoḥ	शरणेषु śaraṇéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

शरण • (śaraṇa) n

1. falling asunder, bursting, falling in
2. killing, slaying
3. what slays or injures

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of शरण (śaraṇá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शरणम् śaraṇám	शरणे śaraṇé	शरणानि / शरणा¹ śaraṇā́ni / śaraṇā́¹
Vocative	शरण śáraṇa	शरणे śáraṇe	शरणानि / शरणा¹ śáraṇāni / śáraṇā¹
Accusative	शरणम् śaraṇám	शरणे śaraṇé	शरणानि / शरणा¹ śaraṇā́ni / śaraṇā́¹
Instrumental	शरणेन śaraṇéna	शरणाभ्याम् śaraṇā́bhyām	शरणैः / शरणेभिः¹ śaraṇaíḥ / śaraṇébhiḥ¹
Dative	शरणाय śaraṇā́ya	शरणाभ्याम् śaraṇā́bhyām	शरणेभ्यः śaraṇébhyaḥ
Ablative	शरणात् śaraṇā́t	शरणाभ्याम् śaraṇā́bhyām	शरणेभ्यः śaraṇébhyaḥ
Genitive	शरणस्य śaraṇásya	शरणयोः śaraṇáyoḥ	शरणानाम् śaraṇā́nām
Locative	शरणे śaraṇé	शरणयोः śaraṇáyoḥ	शरणेषु śaraṇéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śaranás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćaranás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, conceal”). Cognate with Latin color, Proto-Germanic *helmaz (whence English helmet, also partially derived from Old French). Compare also English color, a word derived from Latin.

Adjective

शरण • (śaraṇá)

1. protecting, guarding, defending
2. name of a serpent-demon
3. name of a poet
4. name of a king

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शरण
Nom. sg.	शरणः (śaraṇaḥ)
Gen. sg.	शरणस्य (śaraṇasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शरणः (śaraṇaḥ)	शरणौ (śaraṇau)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ)
Vocative	शरण (śaraṇa)	शरणौ (śaraṇau)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ)
Accusative	शरणम् (śaraṇam)	शरणौ (śaraṇau)	शरणान् (śaraṇān)
Instrumental	शरणेन (śaraṇena)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणैः (śaraṇaiḥ)
Dative	शरणाय (śaraṇāya)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
Ablative	शरणात् (śaraṇāt)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
Genitive	शरणस्य (śaraṇasya)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणानाम् (śaraṇānām)
Locative	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणेषु (śaraṇeṣu)

Feminine ā-stem declension of शरण
Nom. sg.	शरणा (śaraṇā)
Gen. sg.	शरणायाः (śaraṇāyāḥ)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शरणा (śaraṇā)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ)
Vocative	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ)
Accusative	शरणाम् (śaraṇām)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ)
Instrumental	शरणया (śaraṇayā)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणाभिः (śaraṇābhiḥ)
Dative	शरणायै (śaraṇāyai)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणाभ्यः (śaraṇābhyaḥ)
Ablative	शरणायाः (śaraṇāyāḥ)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणाभ्यः (śaraṇābhyaḥ)
Genitive	शरणायाः (śaraṇāyāḥ)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणानाम् (śaraṇānām)
Locative	शरणायाम् (śaraṇāyām)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणासु (śaraṇāsu)

Neuter a-stem declension of शरण
Nom. sg.	शरणम् (śaraṇam)
Gen. sg.	शरणस्य (śaraṇasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शरणम् (śaraṇam)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणानि (śaraṇāni)
Vocative	शरण (śaraṇa)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणानि (śaraṇāni)
Accusative	शरणम् (śaraṇam)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणानि (śaraṇāni)
Instrumental	शरणेन (śaraṇena)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणैः (śaraṇaiḥ)
Dative	शरणाय (śaraṇāya)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
Ablative	शरणात् (śaraṇāt)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
Genitive	शरणस्य (śaraṇasya)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणानाम् (śaraṇānām)
Locative	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणेषु (śaraṇeṣu)

Noun

शरण • (śaraṇá) n

1. shelter, place of shelter or refuge or rest, hut, house, habitation, abode, lair (of an animal), home, asylum
2. refuge, protection, refuge with

   śaraṇaṃ √gam or √yā or √i etc — to go to any one for protection, seek refuge with (+accusative or genitive; often at the end of a compound)

   • c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā 18.66:

     सर्वधर्मान्परित्यज्य मामेकं शरणं व्रज

     sarvadharmānparityajya māmekaṃ śaraṇaṃ vraja

     Abandoning all mores, come only to me to take refuge

3. water
4. (with इन्द्रस्य (indrasya)) name of a सामन् (sāman)

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of शरण (śaraṇá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शरणम् śaraṇám	शरणे śaraṇé	शरणानि / शरणा¹ śaraṇā́ni / śaraṇā́¹
Vocative	शरण śáraṇa	शरणे śáraṇe	शरणानि / शरणा¹ śáraṇāni / śáraṇā¹
Accusative	शरणम् śaraṇám	शरणे śaraṇé	शरणानि / शरणा¹ śaraṇā́ni / śaraṇā́¹
Instrumental	शरणेन śaraṇéna	शरणाभ्याम् śaraṇā́bhyām	शरणैः / शरणेभिः¹ śaraṇaíḥ / śaraṇébhiḥ¹
Dative	शरणाय śaraṇā́ya	शरणाभ्याम् śaraṇā́bhyām	शरणेभ्यः śaraṇébhyaḥ
Ablative	शरणात् śaraṇā́t	शरणाभ्याम् śaraṇā́bhyām	शरणेभ्यः śaraṇébhyaḥ
Genitive	शरणस्य śaraṇásya	शरणयोः śaraṇáyoḥ	शरणानाम् śaraṇā́nām
Locative	शरणे śaraṇé	शरणयोः śaraṇáyoḥ	शरणेषु śaraṇéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: saraṇa
• → Hindi: शरण (śaraṇ)
• → Urdu: شرن‎ (śaran)
• → Bengali: শরণ (śôrôṇô)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “शरण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 1056.