kouristaa
Finnish
Etymology
koura (“hand”) >
Verb
kouristaa
- To grasp, clasp (with a hand).
- (transitive) To convulse, spasm.
Conjugation
| Inflection of kouristaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kouristan | en kourista | 1st sing. | olen kouristanut | en ole kouristanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kouristat | et kourista | 2nd sing. | olet kouristanut | et ole kouristanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kouristaa | ei kourista | 3rd sing. | on kouristanut | ei ole kouristanut | |
| 1st plur. | kouristamme | emme kourista | 1st plur. | olemme kouristaneet | emme ole kouristaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kouristatte | ette kourista | 2nd plur. | olette kouristaneet | ette ole kouristaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kouristavat | eivät kourista | 3rd plur. | ovat kouristaneet | eivät ole kouristaneet | |
| passive | kouristetaan | ei kouristeta | passive | on kouristettu | ei ole kouristettu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kouristin | en kouristanut | 1st sing. | olin kouristanut | en ollut kouristanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kouristit | et kouristanut | 2nd sing. | olit kouristanut | et ollut kouristanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kouristi | ei kouristanut | 3rd sing. | oli kouristanut | ei ollut kouristanut | |
| 1st plur. | kouristimme | emme kouristaneet | 1st plur. | olimme kouristaneet | emme olleet kouristaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kouristitte | ette kouristaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kouristaneet | ette olleet kouristaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kouristivat | eivät kouristaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kouristaneet | eivät olleet kouristaneet | |
| passive | kouristettiin | ei kouristettu | passive | oli kouristettu | ei ollut kouristettu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kouristaisin | en kouristaisi | 1st sing. | olisin kouristanut | en olisi kouristanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kouristaisit | et kouristaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kouristanut | et olisi kouristanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kouristaisi | ei kouristaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kouristanut | ei olisi kouristanut | |
| 1st plur. | kouristaisimme | emme kouristaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kouristaneet | emme olisi kouristaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kouristaisitte | ette kouristaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kouristaneet | ette olisi kouristaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kouristaisivat | eivät kouristaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kouristaneet | eivät olisi kouristaneet | |
| passive | kouristettaisiin | ei kouristettaisi | passive | olisi kouristettu | ei olisi kouristettu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | kourista | älä kourista | 2nd sing. | ole kouristanut | älä ole kouristanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kouristakoon | älköön kouristako | 3rd sing. | olkoon kouristanut | älköön olko kouristanut | |
| 1st plur. | kouristakaamme | älkäämme kouristako | 1st plur. | olkaamme kouristaneet | älkäämme olko kouristaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kouristakaa | älkää kouristako | 2nd plur. | olkaa kouristaneet | älkää olko kouristaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kouristakoot | älkööt kouristako | 3rd plur. | olkoot kouristaneet | älkööt olko kouristaneet | |
| passive | kouristettakoon | älköön kouristettako | passive | olkoon kouristettu | älköön olko kouristettu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kouristanen | en kouristane | 1st sing. | lienen kouristanut | en liene kouristanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kouristanet | et kouristane | 2nd sing. | lienet kouristanut | et liene kouristanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kouristanee | ei kouristane | 3rd sing. | lienee kouristanut | ei liene kouristanut | |
| 1st plur. | kouristanemme | emme kouristane | 1st plur. | lienemme kouristaneet | emme liene kouristaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kouristanette | ette kouristane | 2nd plur. | lienette kouristaneet | ette liene kouristaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kouristanevat | eivät kouristane | 3rd plur. | lienevät kouristaneet | eivät liene kouristaneet | |
| passive | kouristettaneen | ei kouristettane | passive | lienee kouristettu | ei liene kouristettu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | kouristaa | present | kouristava | kouristettava | ||
| long 1st2 | kouristaakseen | past | kouristanut | kouristettu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | kouristaessa | kouristettaessa | agent1, 3 | kouristama | |
| instructive | kouristaen | — | negative | kouristamaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | kouristamassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | kouristamasta | — | ||||
| illative | kouristamaan | — | ||||
| adessive | kouristamalla | — | ||||
| abessive | kouristamatta | — | ||||
| instructive | kouristaman | kouristettaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | kouristaminen | ||||
| partitive | kouristamista | |||||
| 5th2 | kouristamaisillaan | |||||
Synonyms
- (to grasp): puristaa
- (to spasm): krampata (colloquial)
Derived terms
- kouristella
Related terms
- kouria
- kouristua
See also
- köyristää
Anagrams
- kouraista, ruokaisat