قرنفل

قرنفل

Arabic

sense 1

sense 2

Alternative forms

• قَرَنْفُول‎ (qaranfūl)

Etymology

Imported from India. Compare Tamil கராம்பு (karāmpu), கிராம்பு (kirāmpu), Malayalam കറയാന്പൂ (kaṟayānpū), കരയാമ്പൂ (karayāmpū), ഗ്രാമ്പൂ (grāmpū), Sinhalese කරාබු (karābu), Tagalog klabong, klabos, kalabumpako, all meaning cloves. From the same source Ancient Greek καρυόφυλλον (karuóphullon), Amharic ቅርንፉድ (ḳərnəfud).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qa.ran.ful/, /qu.ran.ful/
• Rhymes: -ul

Noun

قَرَنْفُل or قُرَنْفُل • (qaranful or quranful) m

1. clove (Syzygium aromaticum)
   • 10th century, Al-Mutanabbi, “Poem #201”, in The Works of 'Abū al-Ṭayyib al-Mutanabbī, volume 3, Dār Al-Ma‘rifah, published 1978, pages 201–202:

     ‏وَمَنْزِلٍ لَيْسَ لَنَا بِمَنْزِلِ / وَلَا لِغَيْرِ الْغَادِيَاتِ الْهُطَّلِ
     نَدِيِّ الْخُزَامَى ذَفِرِ الْقَرَنْفُلِ / مُحَلَّلٍ مِلْوَحْشِ لَمْ يُحَلَّلِ‎

     wamanzilin laysa lanā bimanzili / walā liḡayri l-ḡādiyāti l-huṭṭali
     nadiyyi l-ḵuzāmā ḏafiri al-qaranfuli / muḥallalin milwaḥši lam yuḥallali

     A place, which has never been a stop for us
     Nor anyone but the show'ring daybreak-clouds,
     With dewy lavenders, and fragrant cloves,
     Settled by the wildlife, and no one else.

2. pink, carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus)

Declension

Declension of noun قَرَنْفُل (qaranful)‎; قُرَنْفُل (quranful)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قَرَنْفُل‎; قُرَنْفُل qaranful‎; quranful	الْقَرَنْفُل‎‎; الْقُرَنْفُل‎ al-qaranful‎; al-quranful	قَرَنْفُل‎; قُرَنْفُل qaranful‎; quranful
Nominative	قَرَنْفُلٌ‎; قُرَنْفُلٌ qaranfulun‎; quranfulun	الْقَرَنْفُلُ‎‎; الْقُرَنْفُلُ‎ al-qaranfulu‎; al-quranfulu	قَرَنْفُلُ‎; قُرَنْفُلُ qaranfulu‎; quranfulu
Accusative	قَرَنْفُلًا‎‎; قُرَنْفُلًا‎ qaranfulan‎; quranfulan	الْقَرَنْفُلَ‎‎; الْقُرَنْفُلَ‎ al-qaranfula‎; al-quranfula	قَرَنْفُلَ‎; قُرَنْفُلَ qaranfula‎; quranfula
Genitive	قَرَنْفُلٍ‎; قُرَنْفُلٍ qaranfulin‎; quranfulin	الْقَرَنْفُلِ‎‎; الْقُرَنْفُلِ‎ al-qaranfuli‎; al-quranfuli	قَرَنْفُلِ‎; قُرَنْفُلِ qaranfuli‎; quranfuli

Descendants

• Maltese: qronfol
• → Aramaic:
  • Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: קרונפול‎
  • Classical Syriac: ܩܪܢܦܘܠܐ‎
• → Dhivehi: ކަރަންފޫ‎ (karan̊fū)
• → Israeli Hebrew: קרנפול‎
• → Persian: قرنفل‎ (qaranfol)
• → Ottoman Turkish: قرنفل‎ (karanfil)
  • Turkish: karanfil
  • → Adyghe: къэрмэфибл (qermefiibl)
  • → Azerbaijani: qərənfil
  • → Albanian: karafil
  • → Bashkir: ҡәләмфер (qälämfer), ҡәнәфер (qänäfer)
  • → Bulgarian: каранфи́л (karanfíl), карамфи́л (karamfíl), карафи́ль (karafílʹ), ка́рафил (kárafil)
  • → Kazakh: қалампыр (qalampyr)
  • Kurdish:

    → Northern Kurdish: qerefîl, qerenfîl

    → Central Kurdish: قەنەفِڵ‎ (qenefill)

  • → Kyrgyz: калемпир (kalempir)
  • → Macedonian: каранфил (karanfil), каранфилче (karanfilče)
  • → Middle Armenian: ղարանֆիլ (łaranfil), ղարանֆուլ (łaranful)
    • Armenian: ղարանֆիլ (łaranfil), ղարաֆիլ (łarafil), խառանֆիլ (xaṙanfil), խարաֆիլ (xarafil), կանաֆիլ (kanafil)
  • → Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: кара̀нфил, каранфѝлић

    Latin: karànfil, karanfìlić

  • → Uzbek: qalampir
• → Swahili: karafuu
• → Yoruba: kànáfùrù, kànnáfùrù
• → Hausa: kanumfari
  • Nupe: kannáfùrù

References

• Gernot Katzer’s Spice Pages: Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum)
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 144
• Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 2, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 275–279
• Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎ (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 355
• КАРАМФЍЛ in Rečnik na bǎlgarskija ezik (Institut za bǎlgarski ezik)
• “قرنفل” in Hrvatski jezični portal

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Hijazi Arabic

قُرُنْفُل

Etymology

From Arabic قَرَنْفُل‎ (qaranful).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡurunful/, [ɡʊrʊɱfʊl]

Noun

قُرُنْفُل • (gurunful) m pl

1. carnation (flower)
2. clove (spice)

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Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic قَرَنْفُل‎ (qaranful).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qrun.ful/

Noun

قرنفل • (qrunful) m (collective)

1. carnation (flower)
2. clove (spice)

   Synonym: عود النوار‎ (ʕūd en-nuwwār)

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Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic قَرَنْفُل‎ (qaranful).

Noun

قرنفل • (karanfil)

1. carnation (flower)
2. clove (spice)

Descendants

• Turkish: karanfil
• → Adyghe: къэрмэфибл (qermefiibl)
• → Azerbaijani: qərənfil
• → Albanian: karafil
• → Bashkir: ҡәләмфер (qälämfer), ҡәнәфер (qänäfer)
• → Bulgarian: каранфи́л (karanfíl), карамфи́л (karamfíl), карафи́ль (karafílʹ), ка́рафил (kárafil)
• → Kazakh: қалампыр (qalampyr)
• Kurdish:

  → Northern Kurdish: qerefîl, qerenfîl

  → Central Kurdish: قەنەفِڵ‎ (qenefill)

• → Kyrgyz: калемпир (kalempir)
• → Macedonian: каранфил (karanfil), каранфилче (karanfilče)
• → Middle Armenian: ղարանֆիլ (łaranfil), ղարանֆուլ (łaranful)
  • Armenian: ղարանֆիլ (łaranfil), ղարաֆիլ (łarafil), խառանֆիլ (xaṙanfil), խարաֆիլ (xarafil), կանաֆիլ (kanafil)
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: кара̀нфил, каранфѝлић

  Latin: karànfil, karanfìlić

• → Uzbek: qalampir

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Persian

Etymology

From Arabic قَرَنْفُل‎ (qaranful).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /qaɾanful/

• (Dari): IPA^(key): /qaɾanfʊl/

• (Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /ɢæɾænfol/
• (Tajik): IPA^(key): /qaɾanful/

Noun

قرنفل • (qaranfol)

1. carnation (flower)
2. clove (spice)