حنظل
Arabic
حَنْظَل
Etymology
From حَظَلَ (ḥaẓala, “to hinder in moving”), for this toxic plant blocks the ground, and حَظِلَ (ḥaẓila, “to walk lamely”) which is what camels do after having loaded their bellies with this plant. The same motive was the namesake of حَدَج (ḥadaj, “colocynth”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ħan.ðˤal/
Noun
حَنْظَل • (ḥanẓal) m (collective, singulative حَنْظَلَة f (ḥanẓala))
- colocynth
- Synonyms: حَدَج (ḥadaj), عَلْقَم (ʿalqam)
Declension
Declension of noun حَنْظَل (ḥanẓal)
| Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | حَنْظَل ḥanẓal | الْحَنْظَل al-ḥanẓal | حَنْظَل ḥanẓal |
| Nominative | حَنْظَلٌ ḥanẓalun | الْحَنْظَلُ al-ḥanẓalu | حَنْظَلُ ḥanẓalu |
| Accusative | حَنْظَلًا ḥanẓalan | الْحَنْظَلَ al-ḥanẓala | حَنْظَلَ ḥanẓala |
| Genitive | حَنْظَلٍ ḥanẓalin | الْحَنْظَلِ al-ḥanẓali | حَنْظَلِ ḥanẓali |
| Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | حَنْظَلَة ḥanẓala | الْحَنْظَلَة al-ḥanẓala | حَنْظَلَة ḥanẓalat |
| Nominative | حَنْظَلَةٌ ḥanẓalatun | الْحَنْظَلَةُ al-ḥanẓalatu | حَنْظَلَةُ ḥanẓalatu |
| Accusative | حَنْظَلَةً ḥanẓalatan | الْحَنْظَلَةَ al-ḥanẓalata | حَنْظَلَةَ ḥanẓalata |
| Genitive | حَنْظَلَةٍ ḥanẓalatin | الْحَنْظَلَةِ al-ḥanẓalati | حَنْظَلَةِ ḥanẓalati |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | حَنْظَلَتَيْن ḥanẓalatayn | الْحَنْظَلَتَيْن al-ḥanẓalatayn | حَنْظَلَتَيْ ḥanẓalatay |
| Nominative | حَنْظَلَتَانِ ḥanẓalatāni | الْحَنْظَلَتَانِ al-ḥanẓalatāni | حَنْظَلَتَا ḥanẓalatā |
| Accusative | حَنْظَلَتَيْنِ ḥanẓalatayni | الْحَنْظَلَتَيْنِ al-ḥanẓalatayni | حَنْظَلَتَيْ ḥanẓalatay |
| Genitive | حَنْظَلَتَيْنِ ḥanẓalatayni | الْحَنْظَلَتَيْنِ al-ḥanẓalatayni | حَنْظَلَتَيْ ḥanẓalatay |
| Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | حَنْظَلَات ḥanẓalāt | الْحَنْظَلَات al-ḥanẓalāt | حَنْظَلَات ḥanẓalāt |
| Nominative | حَنْظَلَاتٌ ḥanẓalātun | الْحَنْظَلَاتُ al-ḥanẓalātu | حَنْظَلَاتُ ḥanẓalātu |
| Accusative | حَنْظَلَاتٍ ḥanẓalātin | الْحَنْظَلَاتِ al-ḥanẓalāti | حَنْظَلَاتِ ḥanẓalāti |
| Genitive | حَنْظَلَاتٍ ḥanẓalātin | الْحَنْظَلَاتِ al-ḥanẓalāti | حَنْظَلَاتِ ḥanẓalāti |
Descendants
- → Amharic: አንዴል (ʾändel)
- → Middle Armenian: հանդալ (handal)
- → Tigre: ዐንደል (ʿändäl)
- → Tigrinya: ዓንደል (ʿandäl), አንደል (ʾändäl)
References
- “حنظل” in Almaany
- Freytag, Georg (1830), “حنظل”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 398
- Freytag, Georg (1830), “حنظل”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 436
- Lane, Edward William (1863), “حنظل”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 596
- Lane, Edward William (1863), “حنظل”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 657
- Löw, Immanuel (1928) Die Flora der Juden (in German), volume 1, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 537–542
- Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 57