батяр

Ukrainian

батя́р prevalence in Ukraine

Alternative forms

ба́цяр (bácjar), бе́тяр (bétjar)

Etymology

First recorded in the 20th century. Borrowed from Hungarian betyár (“vagabond, unemployed lad, ruffian”), from Bulgarian or Serbo-Croatian, from Ottoman Turkish بیكار‎ (bekâr), from Persian ‎ (bēkār, literally “unemployed”). Compare Polish, especially Lwów dialect, batiar/baciar/baciarz.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [bɐˈtʲar]
Audio (file)

Noun

батя́р • (batjár) m pers (genitive батяра́, nominative plural батярі́, genitive plural батярі́в, feminine батя́рка)

(Western Ukraine) tramp, vagabond, ruffian

Usage notes

Often льві́вський батя́р (lʹvívsʹkyj batjár, “Lviv batjar”). Batjar culture and batjar songs were a popular phenomenon amongst Ukrainians and Poles in the city of Lviv during 1900–1939. Popularity continued in the Ukrainian and Polish émigré communities after the Second World War. Soviet occupiers suppressed batjar culture and songs, as did Polish Communists, in the post-World War II period. Since the liberation of Poland from Communism in 1989 and the establishment of an independent Ukrainian in 1991, batjar culture and songs have undergone a degree of revival in both countries.

Declension

Declension of батя́р (pers semisoft masc-form accent-b)

	singular	plural
nominative	батя́р batjár	батярі́ batjarí
genitive	батяра́ batjará	батярі́в batjarív
dative	батяре́ві, батяру́ batjarévi, batjarú	батяра́м batjarám
accusative	батяра́ batjará	батярі́в batjarív
instrumental	батяре́м batjarém	батяра́ми batjarámy
locative	батяре́ві, батярі́ batjarévi, batjarí	батяра́х batjaráx
vocative	батя́ре batjáre	батярі́ batjarí

Synonyms

ба́хур (báxur) (Lviv)
буґе́ра (bugéra)
розбі́йник (rozbíjnyk)
фра́єр (frájer)
волоцю́га (volocjúha) (Substitute)
про́йдисвіт (prójdysvit) (Substitute)

Derived terms

батяр́иско (batjaŕysko)
батя́рка (batjárka)
батя́рний (batjárnyj)
батярня́ (batjarnjá)
батяро́ваний (batjaróvanyj)
батя́рська пі́сня (batjársʹka písnja)
батя́рський (batjársʹkyj)
батярува́ти (batjaruváty)
бетярчу́к (betjarčúk)
збатяро́ваний (zbatjaróvanyj)

References

Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “батяр”, in Етимологічний словник української мови: у 7 т. [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 7 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page бетяр
Rudnyc'kyj, Jaroslav B. (1962–1972), “батяр”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language (in English), volume 1: А – Ґ, Winnipeg: Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences, page 88
Rudnyc'kyj, Jaroslav B. (1962–1972), “бетяр”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language (in English), volume 1: А – Ґ, Winnipeg: Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences, page 118