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单词 δυσμενής
释义

δυσμενής

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

  • δυμενές (dumenés)

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *dusmenḗs, from Proto-Indo-European *dusmenḗs (whence also Sanskrit दुर्मनास् (durmanā́s), Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬱𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬀𐬵 (dušmanah), Middle Persian [script needed] (dwšmn'), Middle Persian [script needed] (dwšmyn'), Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫅𐫇𐫢𐫖𐫏𐫗‎ (dwšmyn‎ /dušmen/)), from *dus- + *ménos (mind, thought), from *men- (think). Equivalent to δῠσ- (dus-) + μένος (ménos, spirit) + -ής (-ḗs, adjective suffix).

Pronunciation

 
  • (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /dyz.me.nɛ̌ːs/
  • (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /dyz.meˈne̝s/
  • (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ðyz.meˈnis/
  • (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ðyz.meˈnis/
  • (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ðiz.meˈnis/

Adjective

δῠσμενής (dusmenḗs) m or f (neuter δῠσμενές); third declension

  1. hostile [+dative or genitive = to someone]
  2. (substantive) enemy [+dative or genitive = of someone]

Inflection

Synonyms

  • ἐχθρός (ekhthrós)

References

  • δυσμενής”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • δυσμενής”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • δυσμενής”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • δυσμενής in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • δυσμενής in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
  • δυσμενής”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
    • averse idem, page 55.
    • disaffected idem, page 227.
    • disloyal idem, page 235.
    • enemy idem, page 273.
    • evil-minded idem, page 286.
    • evilly-disposed idem, page 286.
    • foe idem, page 331.
    • hostile idem, page 407.
    • ill-disposed idem, page 416.
    • malevolent idem, page 510.
    • malicious idem, page 510.
    • mischievous idem, page 533.
    • rebellious idem, page 677.
    • spiteful idem, page 802.
    • unfriendly idem, page 919.
    • unpropitious idem, page 928.
    • unsympathetic idem, page 934.
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