văn minh
Vietnamese
Etymology
Sino-Vietnamese word from 文明.
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [van˧˧ mïŋ˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [vaŋ˧˧ mɨn˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [vaŋ˧˧ mɨn˧˧] ~ [jaŋ˧˧ mɨn˧˧]
Adjective
văn minh
- civilized
Derived terms
- nền văn minh (“civilization”)