vuya

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-búga (“speak”). A possible explanation for the semantic shift is "speak" → "talk a lot" → "be energetic" → "be glad". See Zulu -thetha for a similar semantic shift.

Verb

-vuya

(intransitive) to be glad

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-búga (“speak”). Cognate with Sotho bua and Rwanda-Rundi vuga.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /vuːja/

Verb

-vuya

to speak, to talk

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukuvuya
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuvuya	ukungavuyi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	vuya	-vuye
Plural	vuyani	-vuyeni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyavuya, ngivuya	engivuyayo, engivuya	ngivuya	angivuyi	engingavuyi	ngingavuyi
2nd singular	uyavuya, uvuya	ovuyayo, ovuya	uvuya	awuvuyi	ongavuyi	ungavuyi
1st plural	siyavuya, sivuya	esivuyayo, esivuya	sivuya	asivuyi	esingavuyi	singavuyi
2nd plural	niyavuya, nivuya	enivuyayo, enivuya	nivuya	anivuyi	eningavuyi	ningavuyi
Class 1	uyavuya, uvuya	ovuyayo, ovuya	evuya	akavuyi	ongavuyi	engavuyi
Class 2	bayavuya, bavuya	abavuyayo, abavuya	bevuya	abavuyi	abangavuyi	bengavuyi
Class 3	uyavuya, uvuya	ovuyayo, ovuya	uvuya	awuvuyi	ongavuyi	ungavuyi
Class 4	iyavuya, ivuya	evuyayo, evuya	ivuya	ayivuyi	engavuyi	ingavuyi
Class 5	liyavuya, livuya	elivuyayo, elivuya	livuya	alivuyi	elingavuyi	lingavuyi
Class 6	ayavuya, avuya	avuyayo, avuya	evuya	awavuyi	angavuyi	engavuyi
Class 7	siyavuya, sivuya	esivuyayo, esivuya	sivuya	asivuyi	esingavuyi	singavuyi
Class 8	ziyavuya, zivuya	ezivuyayo, ezivuya	zivuya	azivuyi	ezingavuyi	zingavuyi
Class 9	iyavuya, ivuya	evuyayo, evuya	ivuya	ayivuyi	engavuyi	ingavuyi
Class 10	ziyavuya, zivuya	ezivuyayo, ezivuya	zivuya	azivuyi	ezingavuyi	zingavuyi
Class 11	luyavuya, luvuya	oluvuyayo, oluvuya	luvuya	aluvuyi	olungavuyi	lungavuyi
Class 14	buyavuya, buvuya	obuvuyayo, obuvuya	buvuya	abuvuyi	obungavuyi	bungavuyi
Class 15	kuyavuya, kuvuya	okuvuyayo, okuvuya	kuvuya	akuvuyi	okungavuyi	kungavuyi
Class 17	kuyavuya, kuvuya	okuvuyayo, okuvuya	kuvuya	akuvuyi	okungavuyi	kungavuyi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngivuyile, ngivuyē	engivuyile, engivuyē	ngivuyile, ngivuyē	angivuyanga	engingavuyanga	ngingavuyanga
2nd singular	uvuyile, uvuyē	ovuyile, ovuyē	uvuyile, uvuyē	awuvuyanga	ongavuyanga	ungavuyanga
1st plural	sivuyile, sivuyē	esivuyile, esivuyē	sivuyile, sivuyē	asivuyanga	esingavuyanga	singavuyanga
2nd plural	nivuyile, nivuyē	enivuyile, enivuyē	nivuyile, nivuyē	anivuyanga	eningavuyanga	ningavuyanga
Class 1	uvuyile, uvuyē	ovuyile, ovuyē	evuyile, evuyē	akavuyanga	ongavuyanga	engavuyanga
Class 2	bavuyile, bavuyē	abavuyile, abavuyē	bevuyile, bevuyē	abavuyanga	abangavuyanga	bengavuyanga
Class 3	uvuyile, uvuyē	ovuyile, ovuyē	uvuyile, uvuyē	awuvuyanga	ongavuyanga	ungavuyanga
Class 4	ivuyile, ivuyē	evuyile, evuyē	ivuyile, ivuyē	ayivuyanga	engavuyanga	ingavuyanga
Class 5	livuyile, livuyē	elivuyile, elivuyē	livuyile, livuyē	alivuyanga	elingavuyanga	lingavuyanga
Class 6	avuyile, avuyē	avuyile, avuyē	evuyile, evuyē	awavuyanga	angavuyanga	engavuyanga
Class 7	sivuyile, sivuyē	esivuyile, esivuyē	sivuyile, sivuyē	asivuyanga	esingavuyanga	singavuyanga
Class 8	zivuyile, zivuyē	ezivuyile, ezivuyē	zivuyile, zivuyē	azivuyanga	ezingavuyanga	zingavuyanga
Class 9	ivuyile, ivuyē	evuyile, evuyē	ivuyile, ivuyē	ayivuyanga	engavuyanga	ingavuyanga
Class 10	zivuyile, zivuyē	ezivuyile, ezivuyē	zivuyile, zivuyē	azivuyanga	ezingavuyanga	zingavuyanga
Class 11	luvuyile, luvuyē	oluvuyile, oluvuyē	luvuyile, luvuyē	aluvuyanga	olungavuyanga	lungavuyanga
Class 14	buvuyile, buvuyē	obuvuyile, obuvuyē	buvuyile, buvuyē	abuvuyanga	obungavuyanga	bungavuyanga
Class 15	kuvuyile, kuvuyē	okuvuyile, okuvuyē	kuvuyile, kuvuyē	akuvuyanga	okungavuyanga	kungavuyanga
Class 17	kuvuyile, kuvuyē	okuvuyile, okuvuyē	kuvuyile, kuvuyē	akuvuyanga	okungavuyanga	kungavuyanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāvuya	engāvuya	ngāvuya	angivuyanga	engingavuyanga	ngingavuyanga
2nd singular	wāvuya	owāvuya	wāvuya	awuvuyanga	ongavuyanga	ungavuyanga
1st plural	sāvuya	esāvuya	sāvuya	asivuyanga	esingavuyanga	singavuyanga
2nd plural	nāvuya	enāvuya	nāvuya	anivuyanga	eningavuyanga	ningavuyanga
Class 1	wāvuya	owāvuya	āvuya	akavuyanga	ongavuyanga	engavuyanga
Class 2	bāvuya	abāvuya	bāvuya	abavuyanga	abangavuyanga	bengavuyanga
Class 3	wāvuya	owāvuya	wāvuya	awuvuyanga	ongavuyanga	ungavuyanga
Class 4	yāvuya	eyāvuya	yāvuya	ayivuyanga	engavuyanga	ingavuyanga
Class 5	lāvuya	elāvuya	lāvuya	alivuyanga	elingavuyanga	lingavuyanga
Class 6	āvuya	āvuya	āvuya	awavuyanga	angavuyanga	engavuyanga
Class 7	sāvuya	esāvuya	sāvuya	asivuyanga	esingavuyanga	singavuyanga
Class 8	zāvuya	ezāvuya	zāvuya	azivuyanga	ezingavuyanga	zingavuyanga
Class 9	yāvuya	eyāvuya	yāvuya	ayivuyanga	engavuyanga	ingavuyanga
Class 10	zāvuya	ezāvuya	zāvuya	azivuyanga	ezingavuyanga	zingavuyanga
Class 11	lwāvuya	olwāvuya	lwāvuya	aluvuyanga	olungavuyanga	lungavuyanga
Class 14	bāvuya	obāvuya	bāvuya	abuvuyanga	obungavuyanga	bungavuyanga
Class 15	kwāvuya	okwāvuya	kwāvuya	akuvuyanga	okungavuyanga	kungavuyanga
Class 17	kwāvuya	okwāvuya	kwāvuya	akuvuyanga	okungavuyanga	kungavuyanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingavuya	—	ngingavuya	ngingevuye	—	ngingevuye
2nd singular	ungavuya	—	ungavuya	ungevuye	—	ungevuye
1st plural	singavuya	—	singavuya	singevuye	—	singevuye
2nd plural	ningavuya	—	ningavuya	ningevuye	—	ningevuye
Class 1	angavuya	—	engavuya	angevuye	—	engevuye
Class 2	bangavuya	—	bengavuya	bangevuye	—	bengevuye
Class 3	ungavuya	—	ungavuya	ungevuye	—	ungevuye
Class 4	ingavuya	—	ingavuya	ingevuye	—	ingevuye
Class 5	lingavuya	—	lingavuya	lingevuye	—	lingevuye
Class 6	angavuya	—	engavuya	angevuye	—	engevuye
Class 7	singavuya	—	singavuya	singevuye	—	singevuye
Class 8	zingavuya	—	zingavuya	zingevuye	—	zingevuye
Class 9	ingavuya	—	ingavuya	ingevuye	—	ingevuye
Class 10	zingavuya	—	zingavuya	zingevuye	—	zingevuye
Class 11	lungavuya	—	lungavuya	lungevuye	—	lungevuye
Class 14	bungavuya	—	bungavuya	bungevuye	—	bungevuye
Class 15	kungavuya	—	kungavuya	kungevuye	—	kungevuye
Class 17	kungavuya	—	kungavuya	kungevuye	—	kungevuye
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizovuya	engizovuya	ngizovuya	angizuvuya	engingezuvuya	ngingezuvuya
2nd singular	uzovuya	ozovuya	uzovuya	awuzuvuya	ongezuvuya	ungezuvuya
1st plural	sizovuya	esizovuya	sizovuya	asizuvuya	esingezuvuya	singezuvuya
2nd plural	nizovuya	enizovuya	nizovuya	anizuvuya	eningezuvuya	ningezuvuya
Class 1	uzovuya	ozovuya	ezovuya	akazuvuya	ongezuvuya	engezuvuya
Class 2	bazovuya	abazovuya	bezovuya	abazuvuya	abangezuvuya	bengezuvuya
Class 3	uzovuya	ozovuya	uzovuya	awuzuvuya	ongezuvuya	ungezuvuya
Class 4	izovuya	ezovuya	izovuya	ayizuvuya	engezuvuya	ingezuvuya
Class 5	lizovuya	elizovuya	lizovuya	alizuvuya	elingezuvuya	lingezuvuya
Class 6	azovuya	azovuya	ezovuya	awazuvuya	angezuvuya	engezuvuya
Class 7	sizovuya	esizovuya	sizovuya	asizuvuya	esingezuvuya	singezuvuya
Class 8	zizovuya	ezizovuya	zizovuya	azizuvuya	ezingezuvuya	zingezuvuya
Class 9	izovuya	ezovuya	izovuya	ayizuvuya	engezuvuya	ingezuvuya
Class 10	zizovuya	ezizovuya	zizovuya	azizuvuya	ezingezuvuya	zingezuvuya
Class 11	luzovuya	oluzovuya	luzovuya	aluzuvuya	olungezuvuya	lungezuvuya
Class 14	buzovuya	obuzovuya	buzovuya	abuzuvuya	obungezuvuya	bungezuvuya
Class 15	kuzovuya	okuzovuya	kuzovuya	akuzuvuya	okungezuvuya	kungezuvuya
Class 17	kuzovuya	okuzovuya	kuzovuya	akuzuvuya	okungezuvuya	kungezuvuya
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyovuya	engiyovuya	ngiyovuya	angiyuvuya	engingeyuvuya	ngingeyuvuya
2nd singular	uyovuya	oyovuya	uyovuya	awuyuvuya	ongeyuvuya	ungeyuvuya
1st plural	siyovuya	esiyovuya	siyovuya	asiyuvuya	esingeyuvuya	singeyuvuya
2nd plural	niyovuya	eniyovuya	niyovuya	aniyuvuya	eningeyuvuya	ningeyuvuya
Class 1	uyovuya	oyovuya	eyovuya	akayuvuya	ongeyuvuya	engeyuvuya
Class 2	bayovuya	abayovuya	beyovuya	abayuvuya	abangeyuvuya	bengeyuvuya
Class 3	uyovuya	oyovuya	uyovuya	awuyuvuya	ongeyuvuya	ungeyuvuya
Class 4	iyovuya	eyovuya	iyovuya	ayiyuvuya	engeyuvuya	ingeyuvuya
Class 5	liyovuya	eliyovuya	liyovuya	aliyuvuya	elingeyuvuya	lingeyuvuya
Class 6	ayovuya	ayovuya	eyovuya	awayuvuya	angeyuvuya	engeyuvuya
Class 7	siyovuya	esiyovuya	siyovuya	asiyuvuya	esingeyuvuya	singeyuvuya
Class 8	ziyovuya	eziyovuya	ziyovuya	aziyuvuya	ezingeyuvuya	zingeyuvuya
Class 9	iyovuya	eyovuya	iyovuya	ayiyuvuya	engeyuvuya	ingeyuvuya
Class 10	ziyovuya	eziyovuya	ziyovuya	aziyuvuya	ezingeyuvuya	zingeyuvuya
Class 11	luyovuya	oluyovuya	luyovuya	aluyuvuya	olungeyuvuya	lungeyuvuya
Class 14	buyovuya	obuyovuya	buyovuya	abuyuvuya	obungeyuvuya	bungeyuvuya
Class 15	kuyovuya	okuyovuya	kuyovuya	akuyuvuya	okungeyuvuya	kungeyuvuya
Class 17	kuyovuya	okuyovuya	kuyovuya	akuyuvuya	okungeyuvuya	kungeyuvuya
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngivuye	ngingavuyi
2nd singular	uvuye	ungavuyi
1st plural	sivuye	singavuyi
2nd plural	nivuye	ningavuyi
Class 1	avuye	angavuyi
Class 2	bavuye	bangavuyi
Class 3	uvuye	ungavuyi
Class 4	ivuye	ingavuyi
Class 5	livuye	lingavuyi
Class 6	avuye	angavuyi
Class 7	sivuye	singavuyi
Class 8	zivuye	zingavuyi
Class 9	ivuye	ingavuyi
Class 10	zivuye	zingavuyi
Class 11	luvuye	lungavuyi
Class 14	buvuye	bungavuyi
Class 15	kuvuye	kungavuyi
Class 17	kuvuye	kungavuyi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngavuya	ngangavuya, angavuya, angangavuya
2nd singular	wavuya	wangavuya, awavuya, awangavuya
1st plural	savuya	sangavuya, asavuya, asangavuya
2nd plural	navuya	nangavuya, anavuya, anangavuya
Class 1	wavuya	wangavuya, akavuya, akangavuya
Class 2	bavuya	bangavuya, abavuya, abangavuya
Class 3	wavuya	wangavuya, awavuya, awangavuya
Class 4	yavuya	yangavuya, ayavuya, ayangavuya
Class 5	lavuya	langavuya, alavuya, alangavuya
Class 6	avuya	angavuya, awavuya, awangavuya
Class 7	savuya	sangavuya, asavuya, asangavuya
Class 8	zavuya	zangavuya, azavuya, azangavuya
Class 9	yavuya	yangavuya, ayavuya, ayangavuya
Class 10	zavuya	zangavuya, azavuya, azangavuya
Class 11	lwavuya	lwangavuya, alwavuya, alwangavuya
Class 14	bavuya	bangavuya, abavuya, abangavuya
Class 15	kwavuya	kwangavuya, akwavuya, akwangavuya
Class 17	kwavuya	kwangavuya, akwavuya, akwangavuya

References

C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “vuya”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “vuya (6.3)”