< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swōnijan
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From *swōnu (“reconciliation, atonement”) + *-jan.
Verb
*swōnijan
- to atone, to reconcile
- to offer, to sacrifice
- to kiss
Inflection
| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *swōnijan | |
| 1st sg. past | *swōnidā | |
| Infinitive | *swōnijan | |
| Genitive infin. | *swōnijannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *swōnijannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *swōnijannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *swōniju | *swōnidā |
| 2nd singular | *swōnisi | *swōnidēs, *swōnidōs |
| 3rd singular | *swōniþi | *swōnidē, *swōnidā |
| 1st plural | *swōnijum | *swōnidum |
| 2nd plural | *swōniþ | *swōnidud |
| 3rd plural | *swōnijanþ | *swōnidun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *swōnijē | *swōnidī |
| 2nd singular | *swōnijēs | *swōnidī |
| 3rd singular | *swōnijē | *swōnidī |
| 1st plural | *swōnijēm | *swōnidīm |
| 2nd plural | *swōnijēþ | *swōnidīd |
| 3rd plural | *swōnijēn | *swōnidīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *swōni | |
| Plural | *swōniþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *swōnijandī | *swōnid |
Descendants
- Old Frisian: sēna
- Old Saxon: sōnian, *swōnian
- Middle Low German: sȫnen, swȫnen
- → German: versöhnen
- Middle Low German: sȫnen, swȫnen
- Old Dutch: *suonen
- Middle Dutch: soenen
- Dutch: zoenen
- Middle Dutch: soenen
- Old High German: suonen
- Middle High German: süenen
- German: sühnen
- Middle High German: süenen