Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/čï̄gań

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Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/čï̄gań

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Perhaps borrowed from Byzantine Greek [Term?], related to Greek τσιγγάνος (tsingános).

Adjective

*čï̄gań

1. poor

Descendants

• Arghu: جِغانْ‎ (čïğān)
  • → Old Anatolian Turkish: جغان‎ (cığan)
    • Ottoman Turkish: جغان‎ (cığan), جغانلق‎ (cığanlık)
      • Turkish: cığan (dial.)[1]
  • → Kipchak: [script needed] (čïğan) (сыған can not be a descendant of čïğan)
• Oghuz:
  • Turkish: çığay (dial.)[2]
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: جيٖغاى‎ (čï̄ğāy)
    • Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (čïğay), [script needed] (čïğaylïq)
      • Chagatai: [script needed] (čïğay)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: 𐰲𐰃𐰍𐰪‎ (čiǧń /čïgań/) (Yakut сыгаан (sıgaan) can not be a descendant of čïgań)
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (čïgay)
  • South Siberian:
    • Yenisei:
      • Khakas: [script needed] (sāy, “mischief”)
      • Shor: [script needed] (šāy, “mischief”)

References

1. “cığan”, in Türkiye'de halk ağzından derleme sözlüğü [Compilation Dictionary of Popular Speech in Turkey] (in Turkish), volume 3, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1968
2. “cığan”, in Türkiye'de halk ağzından derleme sözlüğü [Compilation Dictionary of Popular Speech in Turkey] (in Turkish), volume 3, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1968

• Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*čɨ̄gań”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
• al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074), Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), volume I, 1985 edition, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 31
• Yıldız, H. (2007). Türkçede Çingeneler İçin Kullanılan Kelimeler ve Bunların Etimolojileri. Dil Araştırmaları, 1(1), 61-82.