Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ēlaz

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Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ēlaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Unknown; no known cognates outside Germanic, but an obfuscated substrate origin from a Neolithic language is possible.

Kroonen tentatively compares *ēlō and *alaz (“awl”).[1]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛː.lɑz/

Noun

*ēlaz m[1]

1. eel

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *ēlaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*ēlaz	*ēlōz, *ēlōs
vocative	*ēl	*ēlōz, *ēlōs
accusative	*ēlą	*ēlanz
genitive	*ēlas, *ēlis	*ēlǫ̂
dative	*ēlai	*ēlamaz
instrumental	*ēlō	*ēlamiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *āl
  • Old English: ǣl
    • Middle English: el, eel, ele, hele, iel, yele
      • English: eel
      • Scots: eel
      • Yola: eale
  • Old Frisian: ēl
    • Saterland Frisian: Äil
    • West Frisian: iel
  • Old Saxon: āl
    • Middle Low German: âl, êl
      • German Low German: Aal
  • Old Dutch: āl, ael (in placenames)
    • Middle Dutch: ael
      • Dutch: aal
        • Afrikaans: aal
  • Old High German: āl
    • Middle High German: āl
      • Central Franconian:

        Hunsrik: Ool

        Luxembourgish: Éil

      • German: Aal
      • Rhine Franconian: Ool (West Palatine)
• Old Norse: áll
  • Icelandic: áll
  • Faroese: állur
  • Norn: ål
  • Norwegian: ål
  • Old Swedish: āl
    • Swedish: ål
  • Old Danish: āl, aal
    • Danish: ål
  • Gutnish: al

References

1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*ēla-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 116