请输入您要查询的单词:

 

单词 石油
释义

石油

Chinese

rock; stone; 10 pecksoil; sly
simp. and trad.
(石油)
Literally: “rock oil”.

Etymology

Recorded in the writings of Shen Kuo in the 11th century. Compare petroleum with a nearly identical word-formation.

Pronunciation

  • Mandarin
    (Standard)
    (Pinyin): shíyóu
    (Zhuyin): ㄕˊ ㄧㄡˊ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): шыю (šɨi͡u, I-I)
  • Cantonese (Jyutping): sek6 jau4
  • Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sa̍k-yù
  • Min Nan
    (Hokkien, POJ): chio̍h-iû
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zioh8 iu5
  • Wu (Wiktionary): zaq hhieu (T5)
  • Xiang (Wiktionary): shr6 iou2

  • Mandarin
    • (Standard Chinese)
      • Hanyu Pinyin: shíyóu
      • Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄧㄡˊ
      • Tongyong Pinyin: shíhyóu
      • Wade–Giles: shih2-yu2
      • Yale: shŕ-yóu
      • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyryou
      • Palladius: шию (šiju)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵ joʊ̯³⁵/
      • Homophones:
        [Show/Hide]
        edit
        edit
        石油
        食油
    • (Dungan)
      • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: шыю (šɨi͡u, I-I)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩²⁴ iou²⁴/
      (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
  • Cantonese
    • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
      • Jyutping: sek6 jau4
      • Yale: sehk yàuh
      • Cantonese Pinyin: sek9 jau4
      • Guangdong Romanization: ség6 yeo4
      • Sinological IPA (key): /sɛːk̚² jɐu̯²¹/
  • Hakka
    • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sa̍k-yù
      • Hakka Romanization System: sag iuˇ
      • Hagfa Pinyim: sag6 yiu2
      • Sinological IPA: /sak̚⁵ i̯u¹¹/
    • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
      • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sa̍k-yù
      • Hakka Romanization System: sag (r)iuˇ
      • Hagfa Pinyim: sag6 yiu2
      • Sinological IPA: /sak̚⁵ (j)i̯u¹¹/
  • Min Nan
    • (Hokkien)
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chio̍h-iû
      • Tâi-lô: tsio̍h-iû
      • Phofsit Daibuun: cioiq'iuu
      • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ iu²⁴/
      • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² iu²⁴/
      • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ iu¹³/
      • IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ iu²⁴/
      • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ iu²³/
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: zioh8 iu5
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsio̍h iû
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sioʔ⁴⁻² iu⁵⁵/
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: zaq hhieu (T5)
      • Sinological IPA (key): /z̥a̱ʔ¹¹ ɦiɜ²³/
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: shr6 iou2
      • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /ʂʐ̩²⁴ iəu¹³/
      • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /sz̩²⁴ iəu¹³/

  • Middle Chinese: /d͡ʑiᴇk̚  jɨu/
Rime
Character
Reading #1/11/2
Initial () (25) (36)
Final () (123) (136)
Tone (調)Checked (Ø)Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)OpenOpen
Division ()IIIIII
Fanqie常隻切以周切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡ʑiᴇk̚//jɨu/
Pan
Wuyun
/d͡ʑiɛk̚//jiu/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡ʑiæk̚//iəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/d͡ʑiajk̚//juw/
Li
Rong
/ʑiɛk̚//iu/
Wang
Li
/ʑĭɛk̚//jĭəu/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʑi̯ɛk̚//i̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shíyóu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
sik6jau4

Noun

石油

  1. oil; petroleum
    石油鑽塔石油钻塔   shíyóu zuàntǎ   oil rig
    石油鑽台石油钻台   shíyóu zuàntái   oil rig
    • 鄜延境內有石油,舊說高奴縣出脂水,即此也。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
      鄜延境内有石油,旧说高奴县出脂水,即此也。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
      From: 1088 CE, Shen Kuo, Dream Pool Essays
      Fūyán jìngnèi yǒu shíyóu, jiù shuō Gāonú Xiàn chū zhīshuǐ, jí cǐ yě. [Pinyin]
      (please add an English translation of this example)
  2. (dated or dialectal) kerosene
    • 燈火漸漸地縮小了,在預告石油的已經不多;石油又不是老牌,早熏得燈罩很昏暗。 [MSC, trad.]
      灯火渐渐地缩小了,在预告石油的已经不多;石油又不是老牌,早熏得灯罩很昏暗。 [MSC, simp.]
      From: 1925, Lu Xun, 《好的故事》
      Dēnghuǒ jiànjiàn de suōxiǎo le, zài yùgào shíyóu de yǐjīng bù duō; shíyóu yòu bù shì lǎopái, zǎo xūn de dēngzhào hěn hūn'àn. [Pinyin]
      (please add an English translation of this example)
  3. (Xiang, dated) petrol

Synonyms

  • (kerosene):
  • (petrol):

Derived terms

  • 合成石油
  • 石化 (shíhuà)
  • 石油蕉
  • 石油醚 (shíyóumí)
  • 液化石油氣液化石油气 (yèhuà shíyóuqì)
  • 石油化學工業石油化学工业
  • 石油危機石油危机
  • 石油氣石油气 (shíyóuqì)
  • 石油腦石油脑
  • 石油輸出國家組織石油输出国家组织 (Shíyóu Shūchū Guójiā Zǔzhī)
  • 石油輸出國組織石油输出国组织 (Shíyóu Shūchūguó Zǔzhī)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (石油):
  • Japanese: (せき)() (sekiyu)
  • Korean: 석유(石油) (seogyu)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
せき
Grade: 1

Grade: 3
on’yomi

Noun

(せき)() (sekiyu) 

  1. oil, petroleum
  2. kerosene

Synonyms

  • 原油(げんゆ) (gen'yu, crude oil)
  • 灯油(とうゆ) (tōyu, kerosene)

References

  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term

Noun

石油 (seogyu) (hangeul 석유)

  1. Hanja form? of 석유 (petroleum).
随便看

 

国际大辞典收录了7408809条英语、德语、日语等多语种在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词及词组的翻译及用法,是外语学习的有利工具。

 

Copyright © 2004-2023 idict.net All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间:2024/8/10 0:59:06