< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kambos
 | This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em- (“to arch”), from *(s)ḱh₂embos (“crooked”), see also Ancient Greek σκαμβός (skambós, “crooked”).
Adjective
*kambos[1]
- twisted, crooked, bent
Inflection
| O/ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *kambos | *kambou | *kamboi |
| vocative | *kambe | *kambou | *kambūs |
| accusative | *kambom | *kambou | *kamboms |
| genitive | *kambī | *kambous | *kambom |
| dative | *kambūi | *kambobom | *kambobos |
| instrumental | *kambū | *kambobim | *kambobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *kambā | *kambai | *kambās |
| vocative | *kambā | *kambai | *kambās |
| accusative | *kambam | *kambai | *kambams |
| genitive | *kambās | *kambous | *kambom |
| dative | *kambai | *kambābom | *kambābos |
| instrumental | *? | *kambābim | *kambābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *kambom | *kambou | *kambā |
| vocative | *kambom | *kambou | *kambā |
| accusative | *kambom | *kambou | *kambā |
| genitive | *kambī | *kambous | *kambom |
| dative | *kambūi | *kambobom | *kambobos |
| instrumental | *kambū | *kambobim | *kambobis |
Descendants
- Proto-Brythonic: *kam
- Old Breton: camm
- Middle Breton: kamm
- Breton: kamm
- Middle Breton: kamm
- Cornish: kamm
- Old Welsh: cam (“evil, wrong”)
- Middle Welsh: cam
- Welsh: cam
- → English: kam
- Welsh: cam
- Middle Welsh: cam
- Old Breton: camm
- Old Irish: camm, cam
- Irish: cam
- Manx: cam
- Scottish Gaelic: cam
- Gaulish: Cambo, Cambo-dunum
- → Latin: Campodunum
- → Old French: camus
- Middle French: camus
- French: camus
- → Middle English: camus, camuse, cammus, cammuse, camois, camoise, camoyse
- English: camous, camoys
- Middle French: camus
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*kambo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 186