صاحب
See also: صاحت
Arabic
Etymology
Active participle of صَحِبَ (ṣaḥiba, “to accompany”), from the root ص ح ب (ṣ-ḥ-b).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sˤaː.ħib/
Noun
صَاحِب • (ṣāḥib) m (plural أَصْحَاب (ʾaṣḥāb) or صُحْبَان (ṣuḥbān) or صِحَاب (ṣiḥāb) or صَحْب (ṣaḥb), feminine صَاحِبَة (ṣāḥiba))
- associate, companion, comrade, friend
- adherent, follower
- (with a following genitive) man, owner, possessor, holder, master, lord, commander, representative, author
- Synonym: ذُو (ḏū)
- Hyponym: مَالِك (mālik)
- inhabitant, dweller
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 9:70:
- أَلَمْ يَأْتِهِمْ نَبَأُ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ قَوْمِ نُوحٍ وَعَادٍ وَثَمُودَ وَقَوْمِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَأَصْحَابِ مَدْيَنَ وَالْمُؤْتَفِكَاتِ ۚ أَتَتْهُمْ رُسُلُهُم بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ ۖ فَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيَظْلِمَهُمْ وَلَٰكِن كَانُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ
- ʾalam yaʾtihim nabaʾu allaḏīna min qablihim qawmi nūḥin waʿādin waṯamūda waqawmi ʾibrāhīma waʾaṣḥābi madyana wālmuʾtafikāti ʾatathum rusuluhum bi-l-bayyināti famā kāna l-lahu liyaẓlimahum walākin kānū ʾanfusahum yaẓlimūna
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
-
- warden
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 74:31:
- وَمَا جَعَلْنَا أَصْحَابَ النَّارِ إِلَّا مَلَائِكَةً […]
- wamā jaʿalnā ʾaṣḥāba n-nāri ʾillā malāʾikatan […]
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
-
Declension
Declension of noun صَاحِب (ṣāḥib)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | صَاحِب ṣāḥib | الصَّاحِب aṣ-ṣāḥib | صَاحِب ṣāḥib | صَاحِبَة ṣāḥiba | الصَّاحِبَة aṣ-ṣāḥiba | صَاحِبَة ṣāḥibat |
| Nominative | صَاحِبٌ ṣāḥibun | الصَّاحِبُ aṣ-ṣāḥibu | صَاحِبُ ṣāḥibu | صَاحِبَةٌ ṣāḥibatun | الصَّاحِبَةُ aṣ-ṣāḥibatu | صَاحِبَةُ ṣāḥibatu |
| Accusative | صَاحِبًا ṣāḥiban | الصَّاحِبَ aṣ-ṣāḥiba | صَاحِبَ ṣāḥiba | صَاحِبَةً ṣāḥibatan | الصَّاحِبَةَ aṣ-ṣāḥibata | صَاحِبَةَ ṣāḥibata |
| Genitive | صَاحِبٍ ṣāḥibin | الصَّاحِبِ aṣ-ṣāḥibi | صَاحِبِ ṣāḥibi | صَاحِبَةٍ ṣāḥibatin | الصَّاحِبَةِ aṣ-ṣāḥibati | صَاحِبَةِ ṣāḥibati |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | صَاحِبَيْن ṣāḥibayn | الصَّاحِبَيْن aṣ-ṣāḥibayn | صَاحِبَيْ ṣāḥibay | صَاحِبَتَيْن ṣāḥibatayn | الصَّاحِبَتَيْن aṣ-ṣāḥibatayn | صَاحِبَتَيْ ṣāḥibatay |
| Nominative | صَاحِبَانِ ṣāḥibāni | الصَّاحِبَانِ aṣ-ṣāḥibāni | صَاحِبَا ṣāḥibā | صَاحِبَتَانِ ṣāḥibatāni | الصَّاحِبَتَانِ aṣ-ṣāḥibatāni | صَاحِبَتَا ṣāḥibatā |
| Accusative | صَاحِبَيْنِ ṣāḥibayni | الصَّاحِبَيْنِ aṣ-ṣāḥibayni | صَاحِبَيْ ṣāḥibay | صَاحِبَتَيْنِ ṣāḥibatayni | الصَّاحِبَتَيْنِ aṣ-ṣāḥibatayni | صَاحِبَتَيْ ṣāḥibatay |
| Genitive | صَاحِبَيْنِ ṣāḥibayni | الصَّاحِبَيْنِ aṣ-ṣāḥibayni | صَاحِبَيْ ṣāḥibay | صَاحِبَتَيْنِ ṣāḥibatayni | الصَّاحِبَتَيْنِ aṣ-ṣāḥibatayni | صَاحِبَتَيْ ṣāḥibatay |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||||
| basic broken plural triptote | sound feminine plural; basic broken plural diptote | |||||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَصْحَاب; صُحْبَان; صِحَاب; صَحْب ʾaṣḥāb; ṣuḥbān; ṣiḥāb; ṣaḥb | الْأَصْحَاب; الصُّحْبَان; الصِّحَاب; الصَّحْب al-ʾaṣḥāb; aṣ-ṣuḥbān; aṣ-ṣiḥāb; aṣ-ṣaḥb | أَصْحَاب; صُحْبَان; صِحَاب; صَحْب ʾaṣḥāb; ṣuḥbān; ṣiḥāb; ṣaḥb | صَاحِبَات; صَوَاحِب ṣāḥibāt; ṣawāḥib | الصَّاحِبَات; الصَّوَاحِب aṣ-ṣāḥibāt; aṣ-ṣawāḥib | صَاحِبَات; صَوَاحِب ṣāḥibāt; ṣawāḥib |
| Nominative | أَصْحَابٌ; صُحْبَانٌ; صِحَابٌ; صَحْبٌ ʾaṣḥābun; ṣuḥbānun; ṣiḥābun; ṣaḥbun | الْأَصْحَابُ; الصُّحْبَانُ; الصِّحَابُ; الصَّحْبُ al-ʾaṣḥābu; aṣ-ṣuḥbānu; aṣ-ṣiḥābu; aṣ-ṣaḥbu | أَصْحَابُ; صُحْبَانُ; صِحَابُ; صَحْبُ ʾaṣḥābu; ṣuḥbānu; ṣiḥābu; ṣaḥbu | صَاحِبَاتٌ; صَوَاحِبُ ṣāḥibātun; ṣawāḥibu | الصَّاحِبَاتُ; الصَّوَاحِبُ aṣ-ṣāḥibātu; aṣ-ṣawāḥibu | صَاحِبَاتُ; صَوَاحِبُ ṣāḥibātu; ṣawāḥibu |
| Accusative | أَصْحَابًا; صُحْبَانًا; صِحَابًا; صَحْبًا ʾaṣḥāban; ṣuḥbānan; ṣiḥāban; ṣaḥban | الْأَصْحَابَ; الصُّحْبَانَ; الصِّحَابَ; الصَّحْبَ al-ʾaṣḥāba; aṣ-ṣuḥbāna; aṣ-ṣiḥāba; aṣ-ṣaḥba | أَصْحَابَ; صُحْبَانَ; صِحَابَ; صَحْبَ ʾaṣḥāba; ṣuḥbāna; ṣiḥāba; ṣaḥba | صَاحِبَاتٍ; صَوَاحِبَ ṣāḥibātin; ṣawāḥiba | الصَّاحِبَاتِ; الصَّوَاحِبَ aṣ-ṣāḥibāti; aṣ-ṣawāḥiba | صَاحِبَاتِ; صَوَاحِبَ ṣāḥibāti; ṣawāḥiba |
| Genitive | أَصْحَابٍ; صُحْبَانٍ; صِحَابٍ; صَحْبٍ ʾaṣḥābin; ṣuḥbānin; ṣiḥābin; ṣaḥbin | الْأَصْحَابِ; الصُّحْبَانِ; الصِّحَابِ; الصَّحْبِ al-ʾaṣḥābi; aṣ-ṣuḥbāni; aṣ-ṣiḥābi; aṣ-ṣaḥbi | أَصْحَابِ; صُحْبَانِ; صِحَابِ; صَحْبِ ʾaṣḥābi; ṣuḥbāni; ṣiḥābi; ṣaḥbi | صَاحِبَاتٍ; صَوَاحِبَ ṣāḥibātin; ṣawāḥiba | الصَّاحِبَاتِ; الصَّوَاحِبِ aṣ-ṣāḥibāti; aṣ-ṣawāḥibi | صَاحِبَاتِ; صَوَاحِبِ ṣāḥibāti; ṣawāḥibi |
Derived terms
- يَا صَاحِ (yā ṣāḥi)
Descendants
- Maltese: sieħeb
- → Azerbaijani: sahib
- → Hindustani:
- Hindi: साहिब (sāhib), साहब (sāhab)
- → English: sahib
- Urdu: صاحب
- Hindi: साहिब (sāhib), साहब (sāhab)
- → Ottoman Turkish: صاحب
- Turkish: sahip
- → Middle Armenian: սահիպ (sahip)
- → Pashto: صيب
- → Persian: صاحب
- → Swahili: sahibu
- → Tajik: соҳиб (sohib)
- → Uzbek: sohib
See also
- صَدِيق (ṣadīq)
Verb
صَاحَبَ • (ṣāḥaba) III, non-past يُصَاحِبُ (yuṣāḥibu)
- To accompany, to go with
Conjugation
Conjugation of
صَاحَبَ
(form-III sound)| verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر | مُصَاحَبَة or صِحَاب muṣāḥaba or ṣiḥāb | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل | مُصَاحِب muṣāḥib | |||||||||||
| passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول | مُصَاحَب muṣāḥab | |||||||||||
| active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
| singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
| 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
| past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | صَاحَبْتُ ṣāḥabtu | صَاحَبْتَ ṣāḥabta | صَاحَبَ ṣāḥaba | صَاحَبْتُمَا ṣāḥabtumā | صَاحَبَا ṣāḥabā | صَاحَبْنَا ṣāḥabnā | صَاحَبْتُمْ ṣāḥabtum | صَاحَبُوا ṣāḥabū | |||
| f | صَاحَبْتِ ṣāḥabti | صَاحَبَتْ ṣāḥabat | صَاحَبَتَا ṣāḥabatā | صَاحَبْتُنَّ ṣāḥabtunna | صَاحَبْنَ ṣāḥabna | |||||||
| non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُصَاحِبُ ʾuṣāḥibu | تُصَاحِبُ tuṣāḥibu | يُصَاحِبُ yuṣāḥibu | تُصَاحِبَانِ tuṣāḥibāni | يُصَاحِبَانِ yuṣāḥibāni | نُصَاحِبُ nuṣāḥibu | تُصَاحِبُونَ tuṣāḥibūna | يُصَاحِبُونَ yuṣāḥibūna | |||
| f | تُصَاحِبِينَ tuṣāḥibīna | تُصَاحِبُ tuṣāḥibu | تُصَاحِبَانِ tuṣāḥibāni | تُصَاحِبْنَ tuṣāḥibna | يُصَاحِبْنَ yuṣāḥibna | |||||||
| subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُصَاحِبَ ʾuṣāḥiba | تُصَاحِبَ tuṣāḥiba | يُصَاحِبَ yuṣāḥiba | تُصَاحِبَا tuṣāḥibā | يُصَاحِبَا yuṣāḥibā | نُصَاحِبَ nuṣāḥiba | تُصَاحِبُوا tuṣāḥibū | يُصَاحِبُوا yuṣāḥibū | |||
| f | تُصَاحِبِي tuṣāḥibī | تُصَاحِبَ tuṣāḥiba | تُصَاحِبَا tuṣāḥibā | تُصَاحِبْنَ tuṣāḥibna | يُصَاحِبْنَ yuṣāḥibna | |||||||
| jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُصَاحِبْ ʾuṣāḥib | تُصَاحِبْ tuṣāḥib | يُصَاحِبْ yuṣāḥib | تُصَاحِبَا tuṣāḥibā | يُصَاحِبَا yuṣāḥibā | نُصَاحِبْ nuṣāḥib | تُصَاحِبُوا tuṣāḥibū | يُصَاحِبُوا yuṣāḥibū | |||
| f | تُصَاحِبِي tuṣāḥibī | تُصَاحِبْ tuṣāḥib | تُصَاحِبَا tuṣāḥibā | تُصَاحِبْنَ tuṣāḥibna | يُصَاحِبْنَ yuṣāḥibna | |||||||
| imperative الْأَمْر | m | صَاحِبْ ṣāḥib | صَاحِبَا ṣāḥibā | صَاحِبُوا ṣāḥibū | ||||||||
| f | صَاحِبِي ṣāḥibī | صَاحِبْنَ ṣāḥibna | ||||||||||
| passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
| singular الْمُفْرَد | dual الْمُثَنَّى | plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
| 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم | 2nd person الْمُخَاطَب | 3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
| past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي | m | صُوحِبْتُ ṣūḥibtu | صُوحِبْتَ ṣūḥibta | صُوحِبَ ṣūḥiba | صُوحِبْتُمَا ṣūḥibtumā | صُوحِبَا ṣūḥibā | صُوحِبْنَا ṣūḥibnā | صُوحِبْتُمْ ṣūḥibtum | صُوحِبُوا ṣūḥibū | |||
| f | صُوحِبْتِ ṣūḥibti | صُوحِبَتْ ṣūḥibat | صُوحِبَتَا ṣūḥibatā | صُوحِبْتُنَّ ṣūḥibtunna | صُوحِبْنَ ṣūḥibna | |||||||
| non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع | m | أُصَاحَبُ ʾuṣāḥabu | تُصَاحَبُ tuṣāḥabu | يُصَاحَبُ yuṣāḥabu | تُصَاحَبَانِ tuṣāḥabāni | يُصَاحَبَانِ yuṣāḥabāni | نُصَاحَبُ nuṣāḥabu | تُصَاحَبُونَ tuṣāḥabūna | يُصَاحَبُونَ yuṣāḥabūna | |||
| f | تُصَاحَبِينَ tuṣāḥabīna | تُصَاحَبُ tuṣāḥabu | تُصَاحَبَانِ tuṣāḥabāni | تُصَاحَبْنَ tuṣāḥabna | يُصَاحَبْنَ yuṣāḥabna | |||||||
| subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب | m | أُصَاحَبَ ʾuṣāḥaba | تُصَاحَبَ tuṣāḥaba | يُصَاحَبَ yuṣāḥaba | تُصَاحَبَا tuṣāḥabā | يُصَاحَبَا yuṣāḥabā | نُصَاحَبَ nuṣāḥaba | تُصَاحَبُوا tuṣāḥabū | يُصَاحَبُوا yuṣāḥabū | |||
| f | تُصَاحَبِي tuṣāḥabī | تُصَاحَبَ tuṣāḥaba | تُصَاحَبَا tuṣāḥabā | تُصَاحَبْنَ tuṣāḥabna | يُصَاحَبْنَ yuṣāḥabna | |||||||
| jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم | m | أُصَاحَبْ ʾuṣāḥab | تُصَاحَبْ tuṣāḥab | يُصَاحَبْ yuṣāḥab | تُصَاحَبَا tuṣāḥabā | يُصَاحَبَا yuṣāḥabā | نُصَاحَبْ nuṣāḥab | تُصَاحَبُوا tuṣāḥabū | يُصَاحَبُوا yuṣāḥabū | |||
| f | تُصَاحَبِي tuṣāḥabī | تُصَاحَبْ tuṣāḥab | تُصَاحَبَا tuṣāḥabā | تُصَاحَبْنَ tuṣāḥabna | يُصَاحَبْنَ yuṣāḥabna | |||||||
References
- Wehr, Hans (1979), “صحب”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
Hijazi Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic صَاحِب (ṣāḥib).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sˤaːħib/
Noun
صاحِب • (ṣāḥib) m (feminine singular صاحبة (ṣāḥba), plural أصحاب (ʼaṣḥāb), feminine plural صاحبات (ṣāḥbāt))
- friend, companion
- أنا مَع صَاحْبي
- ana maʿ ṣāḥbi
- I'm with my friend
- (with a following genitive) owner, possessor, representative
Moroccan Arabic
Etymology
From Arabic صَاحِب (ṣāḥib).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sˤaːħɪb/
Audio (file)
Noun
صاحب • (ṣāḥeb) m (plural صحاب (ṣḥāb), feminine صاحبة (ṣāḥba), diminutive صحيب (ṣḥiyyab))
- friend
- Synonym: عشير (ʕšīr)
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology
From Arabic صَاحِب (ṣāḥib).
Noun
صاحب • (sahib)
- owner
Descendants
- Turkish: sahip
- → Middle Armenian: սահիպ (sahip)
Persian
Etymology
From Arabic صَاحِب (ṣāḥib).
Pronunciation
- Vocalised Persian: صاحِب
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /sɑːˈhib/
- (Dari Persian) IPA(key): /sɑːˈhɪb/
- (Iranian Persian) IPA(key): /sɒːˈheb/
- (Tajik) IPA(key): /sɔˈhib/
Noun
| Dari | صاحب |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | соҳиб (sohib) |
صاحب • (sâheb) (plural صاحبان (sâhebân) or صاحبها (sâheb-hâ))
- master
- owner
- Synonym: مالک (mâlek)
- lord
Punjabi
Etymology
From Arabic صَاحِب (ṣāḥib).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sɑː˦.ɦəbᵊ/
Noun
صاحب • (sāhab) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਾਹਿਬ)
- master
- owner
- lord
- Synonym: مالک (mālak)
Proper noun
صاحب • (sāhab) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਾਹਿਬ)
- (Sikhism) God
- Guru Granth Sahib, Guru Nanak, translation by Dr. Sant Singh Khalsa, ang 469:
- توں سچا صاحب صفت سوالیؤ جن کیتی سو پار پئیا
- tū̃ sachā sāhib sift suāliu jin kītī so pār peā
- You are the True Lord and Master; Your Praise is so beautiful. One who sings it, is carried across.
- Synonyms: ربّ (rab), واہےگُرو (wāhegurū)
- Guru Granth Sahib, Guru Nanak, translation by Dr. Sant Singh Khalsa, ang 469:
South Levantine Arabic
| Root |
|---|
| ص ح ب |
Etymology 1
From Arabic صَاحَبَ (ṣāḥaba).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sˤaː.ħab/, [ˈsˤɑː.ħɑb]
Audio (al-Lidd) (file)
Verb
صاحب • (ṣāḥab) (form III, present بصاحب (biṣāḥeb))
- to befriend
- ما بحبّ تصاحب أولاد يستخدمو ألفاظ سيئة.
- mā baḥebb tṣāḥeb ʔawlād yistaḵdimu ʔalfāẓ sayʔa
- I don't like that you befriend kids who use cusswords.
- (by extension) to become someone's boyfriend or girlfriend
Conjugation
| Conjugation of صاحب (ṣāḥab) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| past | m | صاحبت (ṣāḥabt) | صاحبت (ṣāḥabt) | صاحب (ṣāḥab) | صاحبنا (ṣāḥabna) | صاحبتو (ṣāḥabtu) | صاحبو (ṣāḥabu) | |
| f | صاحبتي (ṣāḥabti) | صاحبت (ṣāḥabat) | ||||||
| present | m | بصاحب (baṣāḥeb) | بتصاحب (bitṣāḥeb) | بصاحب (biṣāḥeb) | منصاحب (minṣāḥeb) | بتصاحبو (bitṣāḥbu) | بصاحبو (biṣāḥbu) | |
| f | بتصاحبي (bitṣāḥbi) | بتصاحب (bitṣāḥeb) | ||||||
| subjunctive | m | اصاحب (aṣāḥeb) | تصاحب (tṣāḥeb) | يصاحب (yṣāḥeb) | نصاحب (nṣāḥeb) | تصاحبو (tṣāḥbu) | يصاحبو (yṣāḥbu) | |
| f | تصاحبي (tṣāḥbi) | تصاحب (tṣāḥeb) | ||||||
| imperative | m | صاحب (ṣāḥeb) | صاحبو (ṣāḥbu) | |||||
| f | صاحبي (ṣāḥbi) | |||||||
Etymology 2
From Arabic صَاحِب (ṣāḥib).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sˤaː.ħeb/, [ˈsˤɑː.ħɪb]
Audio (Jerusalem) (file)
Noun
صاحب • (ṣāḥeb) m (plural أصحاب (ʔaṣḥāb) or صحاب (ṣḥāb), feminine صاحبة (ṣāḥbe))
- friend, companion
- Synonym: صديق (ṣadīq)
- (by extension) boyfriend
- owner, possessor
- صاحب البيت ― ṣāḥeb il-bēt ― the landlord (literally, “the owner of the house”)
Audio (Ramallah) (file)
Urdu
Etymology
From Persian صاحب (sāheb), from Arabic صَاحِب (ṣāḥib).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /sɑː.ɦɪb/
Noun
صاحب • (sāhib) m (feminine صاحبہ, Hindi spelling साहिब)
- sir
- mister
- lord