figer
French
Etymology
From Old French fegier, from Vulgar Latin *feticare, ultimately from Latin ficatum.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fi.ʒe/
Audio (file)
Verb
figer
- to freeze
- to fix
- to congeal; to thicken; to clot
- (figuratively) to scare, frighten
Conjugation
This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written fige- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of figer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | figer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | figeant /fi.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | figé /fi.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | fige /fiʒ/ | figes /fiʒ/ | fige /fiʒ/ | figeons /fi.ʒɔ̃/ | figez /fi.ʒe/ | figent /fiʒ/ |
| imperfect | figeais /fi.ʒɛ/ | figeais /fi.ʒɛ/ | figeait /fi.ʒɛ/ | figions /fi.ʒjɔ̃/ | figiez /fi.ʒje/ | figeaient /fi.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | figeai /fi.ʒe/ | figeas /fi.ʒa/ | figea /fi.ʒa/ | figeâmes /fi.ʒam/ | figeâtes /fi.ʒat/ | figèrent /fi.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | figerai /fiʒ.ʁe/ | figeras /fiʒ.ʁa/ | figera /fiʒ.ʁa/ | figerons /fiʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | figerez /fiʒ.ʁe/ | figeront /fiʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | figerais /fiʒ.ʁɛ/ | figerais /fiʒ.ʁɛ/ | figerait /fiʒ.ʁɛ/ | figerions /fi.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ | figeriez /fi.ʒə.ʁje/ | figeraient /fiʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | fige /fiʒ/ | figes /fiʒ/ | fige /fiʒ/ | figions /fi.ʒjɔ̃/ | figiez /fi.ʒje/ | figent /fiʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | figeasse /fi.ʒas/ | figeasses /fi.ʒas/ | figeât /fi.ʒa/ | figeassions /fi.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ | figeassiez /fi.ʒa.sje/ | figeassent /fi.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | fige /fiʒ/ | — | figeons /fi.ʒɔ̃/ | figez /fi.ʒe/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
- figé
- figement
- locution figée
- se figer
References
- “figer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- grief
Middle English
Alternative forms
- fier, figre, fygeer
Etymology
From Old French figier, fiier, from Latin fīcārius (modern French figuier is remodelled after French figue).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fiˈɡeːr(ə)/, /ˈfiɡər(ə)/, /ˈfeːr(ə)/
Noun
figer (plural fygers)
- A fig tree (a tree of the genus Ficus)
References
- “figēr, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-1-3.