exclure
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin exclūdō, exclūdere. Doublet of the inherited éclore.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛk.sklyʁ/
Audio (file)
Verb
exclure
- to exclude
- to leave out
Conjugation
Conjugation of exclure (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | exclure | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | excluant /ɛk.skly.ɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | exclu /ɛk.skly/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | exclus /ɛk.skly/ | exclus /ɛk.skly/ | exclut /ɛk.skly/ | excluons /ɛk.skly.ɔ̃/ | excluez /ɛk.skly.e/ | excluent /ɛk.skly/ |
imperfect | excluais /ɛk.skly.ɛ/ | excluais /ɛk.skly.ɛ/ | excluait /ɛk.skly.ɛ/ | excluions /ɛk.skly.jɔ̃/ | excluiez /ɛk.skly.je/ | excluaient /ɛk.skly.ɛ/ | |
past historic2 | exclus /ɛk.skly/ | exclus /ɛk.skly/ | exclut /ɛk.skly/ | exclûmes /ɛk.sklym/ | exclûtes /ɛk.sklyt/ | exclurent /ɛk.sklyʁ/ | |
future | exclurai /ɛk.skly.ʁe/ | excluras /ɛk.skly.ʁa/ | exclura /ɛk.skly.ʁa/ | exclurons /ɛk.skly.ʁɔ̃/ | exclurez /ɛk.skly.ʁe/ | excluront /ɛk.skly.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | exclurais /ɛk.skly.ʁɛ/ | exclurais /ɛk.skly.ʁɛ/ | exclurait /ɛk.skly.ʁɛ/ | exclurions /ɛk.skly.ʁjɔ̃/ | excluriez /ɛk.skly.ʁje/ | excluraient /ɛk.skly.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | exclue /ɛk.skly/ | exclues /ɛk.skly/ | exclue /ɛk.skly/ | excluions /ɛk.skly.jɔ̃/ | excluiez /ɛk.skly.je/ | excluent /ɛk.skly/ |
imperfect2 | exclusse /ɛk.sklys/ | exclusses /ɛk.sklys/ | exclût /ɛk.skly/ | exclussions /ɛk.skly.sjɔ̃/ | exclussiez /ɛk.skly.sje/ | exclussent /ɛk.sklys/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | exclus /ɛk.skly/ | — | excluons /ɛk.skly.ɔ̃/ | excluez /ɛk.skly.e/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Antonyms
- inclure
Derived terms
- exclusion
Related terms
- exclusif
Further reading
- “exclure”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.