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单词 dare
释义

dare

See also: Dare, DARE, daré, darė, darë, dåre, and даре

English

Pronunciation

  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /dɛə(ɹ)/
  • (General American) IPA(key): /dɛ(ə)ɹ/
  • Rhymes: -ɛə(ɹ)
  • Audio (US)(file)

Etymology 1

From Middle English durren, from Old English durran, from Proto-West Germanic *durʀan, from Proto-Germanic *durzaną (“to dare”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰedʰórse (“to dare”), reduplicated stative of the root *dʰers- (“to be bold, to dare”), an *-s- extension of *dʰer- (“to hold, support”).

Cognates
Cognate with Low German dören, Dutch durven, German turren, Sanskrit दधर्ष (dadhárṣa), but also with Ancient Greek θρασύς (thrasús), Albanian nder, Lithuanian drįsti, Russian дерза́ть (derzátʹ).

Verb

dare (third-person singular simple present dare or dares or (archaic) dast, present participle daring, simple past and past participle dared or (archaic) durst)

  1. (intransitive) To have enough courage (to do something).
    I wouldn't dare (to) argue with my boss.
    • 1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene i]:
      The fellow dares not deceive me.
    • 1832, Thomas Macaulay, Parliamentary Reform
      Why then did not the ministers use their new law? Because they durst not, because they could not.
  2. (transitive) To defy or challenge (someone to do something)
    I dare you to kiss that girl.
  3. (transitive) To have enough courage to meet or do something, go somewhere, etc.; to face up to
    Will you dare death to reach your goal?
    • 1886, Clarence King, article in The Century
      To wrest it from barbarism, to dare its solitudes.
  4. (transitive) To terrify; to daunt.
    • c. 1608–1611, Francis Beaumont; John Fletcher, “The Maid’s Tragedy”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1679, OCLC 3083972, Act IV, scene i:
      For I have done those follies, those mad mischiefs, Would dare a woman.
  5. (transitive) To catch (larks) by producing terror through the use of mirrors, scarlet cloth, a hawk, etc., so that they lie still till a net is thrown over them.
    • 1613, William Shakespeare; [John Fletcher], “The Famous History of the Life of King Henry the Eight”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):
      dare us, like larks
Usage notes
  • Dare is a semimodal verb. When used as an auxiliary, the speaker can choose whether to use do-support and the auxiliary "to" when forming negative and interrogative sentences. For example, "I don't dare (to) go", "I dare not go", "I didn't dare (to) go", and "I dared not go" are all correct. Similarly "Dare you go?", "Do you dare (to) go?", "Dared you go?", and "Did you dare (to) go?" are all correct. When not an auxiliary verb, it is different: "I dared him to do it." usually is not written as "I dared him do it.", and "Did you dare him to do it?" is almost never written as "Dared you him do it?"
  • In negative and interrogative sentences where "do" is not used, the third-person singular form of the verb is usually "dare" and not "dares": "Dare he go? He dare not go."
  • Colloquially, "dare not" can be contracted to "daren't". According to the Cambridge Grammar of the English Language, "daren’t" is used occasionally in ordinary past time contexts (Kim daren’t tell them so I had to do it myself).
  • Rare regional forms dassn't and dasn't also exists in the present tense and archaic forms dursn't and durstn't in the past tense.
  • The expression dare say, used almost exclusively in the first-person singular and in the present tense, means "think probable". It is also spelt daresay.
  • Historically, the simple past of dare was durst. In the 1830s, it was overtaken by dared, which has been markedly more common ever since.
Derived terms
  • daredevil
  • daren't
  • dare-say
  • dare say
  • daresay
  • dare-saying
  • daresn't
  • daring
  • dasn't
  • dassn't
  • double dare
  • double dog dare
  • how dare you
  • how very dare you
  • I dare be bound
  • overdare
  • triple dog dare
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
See also
  • Appendix:English modal verbs

Noun

dare (plural dares)

  1. A challenge to prove courage.
  2. The quality of daring; venturesomeness; boldness.
    • c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene i]:
      It lends a lustre […] / A large dare to our great enterprise.
  3. Defiance; challenge.
    • [1611?], Homer, “(please specify |book=I to XXIV)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., The Iliads of Homer Prince of Poets. […], London: […] Nathaniell Butter, OCLC 614803194; The Iliads of Homer, Prince of Poets, […], volume (please specify the book number), new edition, London: Charles Knight and Co., […], 1843, OCLC 987451361:
      Childish, unworthy dares / Are not enough to part our powers.
    • c. 1606–1607, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene ii]:
      Sextus Pompeius / Hath given the dare to Caesar.
  4. (games) In the game truth or dare, the choice to perform a dare set by the other players.
    When asked truth or dare, she picked dare.
Derived terms
  • dairous
  • dareful
Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English, from Old English darian.

Verb

dare (third-person singular simple present dares, present participle daring, simple past and past participle dared)

  1. (obsolete) To stare stupidly or vacantly; to gaze as though amazed or terrified. [16thc.]
  2. (obsolete) To lie or crouch down in fear. [16thc.]

Noun

dare (plural dares)

  1. A small fish, the dace[1]
    • 1766, Richard Brookes, The art of angling, rock and sea-fishing:
      The Dare is not unlike a Chub, but proportionably less; his Body is more white and flatter, and his Tail more forked.

References

  1. dare in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913

Anagrams

  • 'eard, Dear, Rade, Read, Reda, ared, dear, rade, read

Crimean Tatar

Noun

dare

  1. (music) tambourine

Czech

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈdarɛ]

Noun

dare

  1. vocative singular of dar

French

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /daʁ/
  • (file)

Interjection

dare

  1. quick
  • dare-dare

Italian

Etymology

From Latin dare, from Proto-Italic *didō, from Proto-Indo-European *dédeh₃ti, from the root *deh₃- (“give”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈda.re/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -are
  • Hyphenation: dà‧re

Verb

dàre (first-person singular present (with syntactic gemination after the verb) dò, first-person singular past historic dièdi or diédi or détti or (traditional) dètti, past participle dàto, first-person singular future darò, first-person singular subjunctive dìa, first-person singular imperfect subjunctive déssi, second-person singular imperative dài or dà', auxiliary avére) (transitive)

  1. to give (to transfer the possession/holding of something to someone else)
  2. to yield, to bear, to produce, to return
  3. (ditransitive) to name, to call, to refer to [+ del (object)] [+ al (object)]
    Il bue che dà del cornuto all’asino ― The ox who calls the donkey horned

Usage notes

  • The imperative forms of the second-person singular are compounded with pronouns as follows:
    • dà + ci → dacci
    • dà + gli → dagli
    • dà + gli/le + la → dagliela
    • dà + gli/le + le → dagliele
    • dà + gli/le + li → daglieli
    • dà + gli/le + lo → daglielo
    • dà + le → dalle
    • dà + mi → dammi

Conjugation

    Conjugation of dàre (-are; irregular) (See Appendix:Italian verbs)
infinitivedàre
auxiliary verbavéregerunddàndo
present participledàntepast participledàto
personsingularplural
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
indicativeiotului/lei, esso/essanoivoiloro, essi/esse
presentdò1dàidà1,2diàmodàtedànno
imperfectdàvodàvidàvadavàmodavàtedàvano
past historicdièdi, diédi, détti, dètti3déstidiède, diéde, détte, dètte3démmodéstedièdero, diédero, déttero, dèttero3
futuredaròdaràidaràdarémodarétedarànno
conditionaliotului/lei, esso/essanoivoiloro, essi/esse
presentdarèidaréstidarèbbe, darébbedarémmodaréstedarèbbero, darébbero
subjunctiveche ioche tuche lui/che lei, che esso/che essache noiche voiche loro, che essi/che esse
presentdìadìadìadiàmodiàtedìano
imperfectdéssidéssidéssedéssimodéstedéssero
imperative—tuLeinoivoiLoro
dài, dà'dìadiàmodàtedìano
negative imperativenondàrenon dìanon diàmonon dàtenon dìano

1With syntactic gemination after the verb.
2With written accent on monosyllabic verb.
3Traditional.

Including lesser-used forms:

    Conjugation of dàre (-are; irregular) (See Appendix:Italian verbs)
infinitivedàre
auxiliary verbavéregerunddàndo
present participledàntepast participledàto
personsingularplural
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
indicativeiotului/lei, esso/essanoivoiloro, essi/esse
presentdò1dàidà1,2diàmodàtedànno
imperfectdàvodàvidàvadavàmodavàtedàvano
past historicdièdi, diédi, détti, dètti4déstidiède, diéde, détte, dètte4, diè5démmodéstedièdero, diédero, déttero, dèttero4, dièro5
futuredaròdaràidaràdarémodarétedarànno
conditionaliotului/lei, esso/essanoivoiloro, essi/esse
presentdarèidaréstidarèbbe, darébbedarémmodaréstedarèbbero, darébbero
subjunctiveche ioche tuche lui/che lei, che esso/che essache noiche voiche loro, che essi/che esse
presentdìadìadìadiàmodiàtedìano
imperfectdéssidéssidéssedéssimodéstedéssero
imperative—tuLeinoivoiLoro
dài, dà', dà1,2,3dìadiàmodàtedìano
negative imperativenondàrenon dìanon diàmonon dàtenon dìano

1With syntactic gemination after the verb.
2With written accent on monosyllabic verb.
3Disused.
4Traditional.
5Poetic.

Derived terms

  • dare alla luce
  • dare gas
  • dare il benservito
  • dare il la
  • dare per scontato
  • dare spettacolo
  • dare un'occhiata
  • dare via
  • darsela
  • darsele
  • darsi
  • data
  • dato
  • datore
  • ridare

Noun

dare m (plural dari)

  1. debit

Anagrams

  • arde, rade, reda

Japanese

Romanization

dare

  1. Rōmaji transcription of だれ

Latin

Pronunciation

  • (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈda.re/, [ˈd̪ärɛ]
  • (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈda.re/, [ˈd̪äːre]

Verb

dare

  1. inflection of dō:
    1. present active infinitive
    2. second-person singular present passive imperative

Leonese

Etymology

From Latin dare, present active infinitive of dō, from Proto-Italic *didō, from Proto-Indo-European *dédeh₃ti, from the root *deh₃- (“give”).

Verb

dare

  1. to give

References

  • AEDLL

Norman

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

dare ? (plural dares)

  1. (continental Normandy, anatomy) belly, stomach

Synonyms

  • ventre (Jersey, Guernsey), vãtr (Sark)

Romanian

Etymology

da +‎ -re

Noun

dare f (plural dări)

  1. giving
  2. tax

Declension

Declension of dare
singularplural
indefinite articulationdefinite articulationindefinite articulationdefinite articulation
nominative/accusative(o) daredarea(niște) dăridările
genitive/dative(unei) dăridării(unor) dăridărilor
vocativedare, dareodărilor

Serbo-Croatian

Noun

dȃr (Cyrillic spelling да̑р)

  1. vocative singular of dȃr

Slovak

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈdare]

Noun

dare m

  1. locative singular of dar

Venetian

Etymology

From Latin dare.

Verb

dare

  1. to give

References

West Makian

Etymology

May be related to Ternate doro.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈd̪a.re/

Verb

dare

  1. (transitive) to fall (from a height)

Conjugation

Conjugation of dare (action verb)
singularplural
inclusiveexclusive
1st persontadaremadareadare
2nd personnadarefadare
3rd personinanimateidaredadare
animate
imperativenadare, darefadare, dare

References

  • James Collins (1982) Further Notes Towards a West Makian Vocabulary‎, Pacific linguistics

Zazaki

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /dɑˈɾə/
  • Hyphenation: da‧re

Noun

dare f

  1. tree
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