cyweirio
Welsh
Alternative forms
- cweirio, cwiro
Etymology
From cywair (“ready, prepared, orderly”) + -io.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kəu̯ˈei̯rjɔ/
Verb
cyweirio (first-person singular present cyweiriaf)
- to put in order, to prepare
- Synonym: paratoi
- to modulate
- (music) to tune
- Synonym: tiwnio
- to cure (leather, etc.)
- to coagulate using rennet
- Synonym: ceulo
- to beat, to thrash
- Synonym: curo
Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | cyweiriaf | cyweiri | cyweiria | cyweiriwn | cyweiriwch | cyweiriant | cyweirir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | cyweiriwn | cyweirit | cyweiriai | cyweiriem | cyweiriech | cyweirient | cyweirid | |
| preterite | cyweiriais | cyweiriaist | cyweiriodd | cyweiriasom | cyweiriasoch | cyweiriasant | cyweiriwyd | |
| pluperfect | cyweiriaswn | cyweiriasit | cyweiriasai | cyweiriasem | cyweiriasech | cyweiriasent | cyweiriasid, cyweiriesid | |
| present subjunctive | cyweiriwyf | cyweiriech | cyweirio | cyweiriom | cyweirioch | cyweiriont | cyweirier | |
| imperative | — | cyweiria | cyweiried | cyweiriwn | cyweiriwch | cyweirient | cyweirier | |
| verbal noun | cyweirio | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | cyweiriedig cyweiriadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | cyweiria i, cyweiriaf i | cyweiri di | cyweirith o/e/hi, cyweiriff e/hi | cyweiriwn ni | cyweiriwch chi | cyweirian nhw |
| conditional | cyweiriwn i, cyweirswn i | cyweiriet ti, cyweirset ti | cyweiriai fo/fe/hi, cyweirsai fo/fe/hi | cyweirien ni, cyweirsen ni | cyweiriech chi, cyweirsech chi | cyweirien nhw, cyweirsen nhw |
| preterite | cyweiriais i, cyweiries i | cyweiriaist ti, cyweiriest ti | cyweiriodd o/e/hi | cyweirion ni | cyweirioch chi | cyweirion nhw |
| imperative | — | cyweiria | — | — | cyweiriwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Derived terms
- cweir (“beating, thraship”)
- cyweiriad (“preparation, repairing, tuning”)
Mutation
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| cyweirio | gyweirio | nghyweirio | chyweirio |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Further reading
R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present) , “cyweirio”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies