cenedl

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh kenedyl, from Old Welsh kenedel (“kindred, family to the ninth degree of kinship”), from Proto-Brythonic *kenedl, from Proto-Celtic *kenetlom (“family”), from Proto-Indo-European *ken-.

Pronunciation

(North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈkɛnɛdl/, [ˈkʰɛnɛdl̩ˠ]
(South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈkeːnɛdl/, [ˈkʰeːnɛdl̩], /ˈkɛnɛdl/, [ˈkʰɛnɛdl̩]
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -ɛnɛdl

Noun

cenedl f (plural cenhedloedd)

nation
Cenedl heb iaith, cenedl heb galon.
A nation without a language is a nation without a heart.
(archaic) tribe, clan, kindred
Synonym: llwyth
(archaic) generation
Synonym: cenhedlaeth
(archaic) sort, species, kind
Synonyms: math, siort
(archaic) ethnicity
Synonym: ethnigrwydd
(biblical) gentile
- 1588, Y Beibl cyssegr-lan, Luc 2:29-32:
  Yr awr hon, Arglwydd, y gollyngi dy was mewn tangnefedd, yn ôl dy air: canys fy llygaid a welsant dy iachawdwriaeth, yr hon a baratoaist gerbron wyneb yr holl bobloedd; goleuni i oleuo y Cenhedloedd, a gogoniant dy bobl Israel.
  Lord, now You are letting Your servant depart in peace, according to Your word; for my eyes have seen Your salvation which You have prepared before the face of all peoples, a light to bring revelation to the Gentiles, and the glory of Your people Israel.
(grammar) gender (of nouns, adjectives etc.)

Derived terms

cenhedlaeth (“generation”)
cenhedliad (“procreation, conception”)
Cenhedloedd Unedig (“United Nations”)
cenhedlu (“to procreate, to reproduce”)
pencenedl (“head of kindred (in Welsh laws)”)

Related terms

cenedlaethol (“national”)

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
cenedl	genedl	nghenedl	chenedl
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cenedl”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies