brati
See also: brāti
Latin
Noun
bratī
- inflection of bratus:
- nominative/vocative plural
- genitive singular
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *bьrati.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /brâti/
- Hyphenation: bra‧ti
Verb
brȁti impf (Cyrillic spelling бра̏ти)
- (transitive) to pick (grasp and pull with the fingers or fingernails)
- (transitive) to pick (to remove a fruit or plant for consumption)
- Branje gljiva ― Mushroom picking
Conjugation
Conjugation of brati
| Infinitive: brati | Present verbal adverb: bèrūći | Past verbal adverb: — | Verbal noun: bránje | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |
| Verbal forms | ja | ti | on / ona / ono | mi | vi | oni / one / ona | |
| Present | berem | bereš | bere | beremo | berete | beru | |
| Future | Future I | brat ću1 braću | brat ćeš1 braćeš | brat će1 braće | brat ćemo1 braćemo | brat ćete1 braćete | brat će1 braće |
| Future II | bȕdēm brao2 | bȕdēš brao2 | bȕdē brao2 | bȕdēmo brali2 | bȕdēte brali2 | bȕdū brali2 | |
| Past | Perfect | brao sam2 | brao si2 | brao je2 | brali smo2 | brali ste2 | brali su2 |
| Pluperfect3 | bȉo sam brao2 | bȉo si brao2 | bȉo je brao2 | bíli smo brali2 | bíli ste brali2 | bíli su brali2 | |
| Imperfect | brah | braše | braše | brasmo | braste | brahu | |
| Conditional I | brao bih2 | brao bi2 | brao bi2 | brali bismo2 | brali biste2 | brali bi2 | |
| Conditional II4 | bȉo bih brao2 | bȉo bi brao2 | bȉo bi brao2 | bíli bismo brali2 | bíli biste brali2 | bíli bi brali2 | |
| Imperative | — | beri | — | berimo | berite | — | |
| Active past participle | brao m / brala f / bralo n | brali m / brale f / brala n | |||||
| Passive past participle | bran m / brana f / brano n | brani m / brane f / brana n | |||||
| 1 Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. 2 For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. 3 Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. 4 Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. | |||||||
Derived terms
- izàbrati
- nàbrati
- òbrati
- odàbrati
- pòbrati
- pròbrati
- ùbrati
- sabrati
Slovene
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *bьrati, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /bràːti/
- Hyphenation: brá‧ti
Verb
bráti impf
- (transitive) to read (look at and interpret letters or other information)
- Synonyms: čītati, prebīrati, razbīrati
- (transitive) to recognize feelings from a face[→SSKJ]
- (transitive, rare) to guess, to tell (fortune)[→SSKJ]
- Synonyms: ugībati, napovedováti
- 1973, Milko Matičetov, Zverinice iz rezije, page 34:
- Tedaj so ji zmerom morale dati kaj, ko jim je metala karte in brala srečo iz roke.
- At that time, they always had to give her something when she was putting down cards and telling their luck from their hands.
- (transitive, archaic, chiefly eastern dialects) to gather, to pick
- Synonyms: nabīrati, tŕgati
- 1983, Rado Radešček, Slovenske legende, page 62:
- Prigodilo pa se je, da je nekoč na Šmarni gori brala jagode nedolžna deklica, po imenu Matjaževa Micka iz Zavrha.
- Once it happened that an innocent girl named Micka from Zavrh was picking strawberries on Šmarna gora.
- (transitive, usually in imperative mood) to understand as[→SSKJ, SP]
- Evropska (beri: zahodna) kultura. ― European (i.e. western) culture.
- (intransitive, reflexive, slang) to keep in touch, usually by messages [→Sprotni]
- (obsolete) to cost, to consume, to need [→Pleteršnik]
Conjugation
Class V, accentual type IIA (accent is directly before infinitive ending and not directly before present indicative endings), imperfective
Infinitive bráti (a-ti), l-participle brȃł
| Long infinitive (usually only written, except in very formal contexts) | bráti | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Short infinitive (in spoken formal language, colloquial) | brȁt | ||
| Supine | brȃt | ||
| l-participle | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| singular | brȃł | brála | brȃlo |
| dual | brȃla | brȃli | brȃli |
| plural | brȃli | brȃle | brȃla |
| n-/t-participle (passive participle) | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| singular | brán | brána | bráno |
| dual | brána | bráni | bráni |
| plural | bráni | bráne | brána |
| š-participle | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| singular | – | – | – |
| dual | – | – | – |
| plural | – | – | – |
| adverbial š-participle | brȃvši | ||
| True gerund | brānje | ||
| Objectified gerund | brānje | ||
Present stem bérem (e-m)
| Present indicative | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| 1st person | bérem | béreva, bérema | béremo |
| 2nd person | béreš | béreta, béresta | bérete, béreste |
| 3rd person | bére | béreta, béresta | bérejo, berọ́ |
| Imperative | |||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| 1st person | béri | berȋva, berȋma | berȋmo |
| 2nd person | béri | berȋta | berȋte |
| 3rd person | béri | berȋta | – |
| č-participle | |||
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| singular | berọ̄č | berọ́ča | berọ́če |
| dual | berọ́ča | berọ́či | berọ́či |
| plural | berọ́či | berọ́če | berọ́ča |
| adverbial participles | |||
| č-participle | berọ̄č | ||
| e-participle | berȃje | ||
Derived terms
- berílo
- brȃləc
- brȃłka
- brati korekture
- brati kot odprto knjigo
- brati kozje molitvice
- brati levite
- brati mašo
- brati med vrsticami
- dobráti
- izbȋrək
- izbȍr
- izbránəc
- izbráti
- izprebráti
- nabirȃləc
- nabīrati
- nabȍr
- nabọ̑rək
- nabọ̑rən
- nabọ̑rnik
- nabráti
- obirȃləc
- obīrati
- obráti
- odbīrati
- odbȍr
- odbọ̑rnik
- odbráti
- pobirȃləc
- pobīrati
- pobráti
- podbráti
- prebīrati
- prebráti
- preubráti
- pribráti
- razbīrati
- razbȍr
- razbráti
- s hudičem ni dobro lešnikov brati
- sprebráti
- ubīrati
- ubrán
- ubránost
- ubráti
- zbirȃtelj
- zbīrati
- zbȋrka
- zbȍr
- zbráti
- zbrán
- zbránost
Further reading
- “brati”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
- “brati”, in Termania, Amebis
- See also the general references