acculer
French
Etymology
From a- + cul + -er.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /a.ky.le/
Audio (file) - Homophones: acculai, acculé, acculée, acculées, acculés, acculez
Verb
acculer
- (transitive) to corner someone, to prevent retreat or escape
- 2009 January 23, Marie-Claude Decamps, “Ambiguïtés iraniennes”, in Le Monde:
- Une petite frange de fondamentalistes, plus radicaux encore que le président, ont peur que si Obama les accule par trop d'ouverture à ouvrir eux aussi le régime, tout leur échappe des mains.
- A small fringe of fundamentalists, even more radical than the president, were afraid that if Obama were to corner them by being too open to opening the regime themselves, everything would slip out of their hands.
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Conjugation
Conjugation of acculer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | acculer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | acculant /a.ky.lɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | acculé /a.ky.le/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | accule /a.kyl/ | accules /a.kyl/ | accule /a.kyl/ | acculons /a.ky.lɔ̃/ | acculez /a.ky.le/ | acculent /a.kyl/ |
| imperfect | acculais /a.ky.lɛ/ | acculais /a.ky.lɛ/ | acculait /a.ky.lɛ/ | acculions /a.ky.ljɔ̃/ | acculiez /a.ky.lje/ | acculaient /a.ky.lɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | acculai /a.ky.le/ | acculas /a.ky.la/ | accula /a.ky.la/ | acculâmes /a.ky.lam/ | acculâtes /a.ky.lat/ | acculèrent /a.ky.lɛʁ/ | |
| future | acculerai /a.kyl.ʁe/ | acculeras /a.kyl.ʁa/ | acculera /a.kyl.ʁa/ | acculerons /a.kyl.ʁɔ̃/ | acculerez /a.kyl.ʁe/ | acculeront /a.kyl.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | acculerais /a.kyl.ʁɛ/ | acculerais /a.kyl.ʁɛ/ | acculerait /a.kyl.ʁɛ/ | acculerions /a.ky.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ | acculeriez /a.ky.lə.ʁje/ | acculeraient /a.kyl.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | accule /a.kyl/ | accules /a.kyl/ | accule /a.kyl/ | acculions /a.ky.ljɔ̃/ | acculiez /a.ky.lje/ | acculent /a.kyl/ |
| imperfect2 | acculasse /a.ky.las/ | acculasses /a.ky.las/ | acculât /a.ky.la/ | acculassions /a.ky.la.sjɔ̃/ | acculassiez /a.ky.la.sje/ | acculassent /a.ky.las/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | accule /a.kyl/ | — | acculons /a.ky.lɔ̃/ | acculez /a.ky.le/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
See also
- au pied du mur
Further reading
- “acculer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.