absolut
See also: absolüt
English
Pronunciation
Audio (AU) (file)
Adjective
absolut
- Obsolete spelling of absolute
- 1615 Decemver 9, letter from Lord Scott of Buccleuch, quoted in 1838, James Maidment, Letters and State Papers During the Reign of King James the Sixth: Chiefly from the Manuscript Collections of Sir James Balfour of Denmyln, page 272:
- So, remetting all to your consideration, I rest ever hym quhome you haue most absolut pouer to command, BUKCLEUGHE
- 1671, An Answer to the Letter Directed to the Author of Jus Populi,, page 18:
- […] even the most absolut politick Empire that can be lawfully set up by men is Iyable to these implyed yea indispensable conditions and exceptions, […]
- 1615 Decemver 9, letter from Lord Scott of Buccleuch, quoted in 1838, James Maidment, Letters and State Papers During the Reign of King James the Sixth: Chiefly from the Manuscript Collections of Sir James Balfour of Denmyln, page 272:
Anagrams
- Basulto
Albanian
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin absolūtus.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [apsoˈlut]
Adjective
absolut
- absolute
Derived terms
- absolutësi
- absolutisht
- absolutizëm
Catalan
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin absŏlūtus.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /əp.suˈlut/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /ap.soˈlut/
Audio (file)
Adjective
absolut (feminine absoluta, masculine plural absoluts, feminine plural absolutes)
- absolute
- (grammar) absolute
Derived terms
- absolutament
- en absolut
- zero absolut
Further reading
- “absolut” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “absolut”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “absolut” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “absolut” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
German
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /apzoˈluːt/, [ʔapz̥oˈluːtʰ]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: ab‧so‧lut
- Rhymes: -uːt
Adjective
absolut (strong nominative masculine singular absoluter, not comparable)
- absolute
- Antonym: relativ
Declension
Positive forms of absolut (uncomparable)
| number & gender | singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
| predicative | er ist absolut | sie ist absolut | es ist absolut | sie sind absolut | |
| strong declension (without article) | nominative | absoluter | absolute | absolutes | absolute |
| genitive | absoluten | absoluter | absoluten | absoluter | |
| dative | absolutem | absoluter | absolutem | absoluten | |
| accusative | absoluten | absolute | absolutes | absolute | |
| weak declension (with definite article) | nominative | der absolute | die absolute | das absolute | die absoluten |
| genitive | des absoluten | der absoluten | des absoluten | der absoluten | |
| dative | dem absoluten | der absoluten | dem absoluten | den absoluten | |
| accusative | den absoluten | die absolute | das absolute | die absoluten | |
| mixed declension (with indefinite article) | nominative | ein absoluter | eine absolute | ein absolutes | (keine) absoluten |
| genitive | eines absoluten | einer absoluten | eines absoluten | (keiner) absoluten | |
| dative | einem absoluten | einer absoluten | einem absoluten | (keinen) absoluten | |
| accusative | einen absoluten | eine absolute | ein absolutes | (keine) absoluten | |
Adverb
absolut
- absolutely
Further reading
- “absolut” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “absolut” in Duden online
- “absolut” in Duden online
Indonesian
Etymology
From Dutch absoluut, from Latin absolūtus.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ap̚ˈsolʊt̚]
- Hyphenation: ap‧so‧lut
Adjective
absolut
- absolute.
- unconditional: free of restrictions, limitations, qualifications or conditions.
- Synonym: mutlak
- complete, unmitigated
- pure; unmixed
- Synonym: murni
- certain; unquestionable
- Synonym: nyata
- unconditional: free of restrictions, limitations, qualifications or conditions.
Derived terms
- mengabsolutkan
- pengabsolutan
- seabsolut
Related terms
- absolutisme
Further reading
- “absolut” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Occitan
Etymology
From Latin absolutus.
Pronunciation
Audio (Béarn) (file)
Adjective
absolut m (feminine singular absoluda, masculine plural absoluts, feminine plural absoludas)
- absolute
Derived terms
- absoludament
Polish
Etymology
Borrowed from German Absolutes or French absolut,[1] from Latin absolūtus.[2] First attested in 1701–1750.[3]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /apˈsɔ.lut/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɔlut
- Syllabification: ab‧so‧lut
Noun
absolut m inan
- (philosophy) Absolute
- jedyny absolut ― the only Absolute
- boski absolut ― the divine Absolute
- filozoficzny absolut ― the philosophical Absolute
- głód absolutu ― appetite the Absolute
- droga do absolutu ― the way to the Absolute
- wiara w absolut ― belief in the Absolute
- istnienie absolutu ― the existence of the Absolute
- poszukiwanie absolutu ― the search for the Absolute
- dążenie do absolutu ― pursuit of the Absolute
- obcowanie z absolutem ― communion with the Absolute
- (chemistry) absolute
Declension
Declension of absolut
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | absolut | absoluty |
| genitive | absolutu | absolutów |
| dative | absolutowi | absolutom |
| accusative | absolut | absoluty |
| instrumental | absolutem | absolutami |
| locative | absolucie | absolutach |
| vocative | absolucie | absoluty |
Noun
absolut m pers
- (obsolete) absolute monarch
- 1736, Jan Jabłonowski, Historya Telemaka, syna Ulissesa, krola greckiego Itaku, page 175:
- Kędy Tron, Abſolutom, moc ſtráſzliwą daie, Są nayslabſze, Bo wnich Krol, bierze, ruinuie, Sam wſzytko, gdy ſam ieden Páństwo obeymuie.
- Kędy tron absolutom moc straszliwą daje, są najsłabsze, bo w nich król bierze, ruinuje sam wszystko, gdy sam jeden państwo obejmuje.
- When the trone gives extreme power to absolute monarchs, they are the weakest, because in them, the king takes and ruins everything himself, when he rules the nation himself.
- 1756, Józef Minasowicz, Zbior rytmow polskich Jozefa Epifaniusza Minasowicza [...] . Częsc pierwsza- [wtora], , volume 3, page 335:
- Abſolut w mowie, dyſkurs drugich gaśi, Albo z dyſguſtem ckliwym minę kwaśi.
- Absolut w mowie dyskurs drugich gasi, albo z dysgustem ckliwym minę kwasi.
- The word absolute in speech silences the other's discussion, or sours his face with a look of disgust.
Declension
Declension of absolut
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | absolut | absoluci |
| genitive | absoluta | absolutów |
| dative | absolutowi | absolutom |
| accusative | absoluta | absolutów |
| instrumental | absolutem | absolutami |
| locative | absolucie | absolutach |
| vocative | absolucie | absoluci |
Alternative forms
- absoluta (Middle Polish)
Related terms
adjectives
- absolutny
- absolutoryjny
- absolutystyczny
- absolutywny
- absolwencki
adverbs
- absolutnie
- absolutystycznie
nouns
- absolucja
- absolutność
- absolutorium
- absolutysta
- absolutystka
- absolutystyczność
- absolutyw
- absolutyzacja
- absolutyzm
- absolwent
- absolwentka
verbs
- absolutyzować impf, zabsolutyzować pf
- absolwować impf
References
- Mirosław Bańko; Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
- Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “absolut”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
- Wiesław Morawski (28.10.2021), “ABSOLUT”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
- Pęzik, Piotr; Przepiórkowski, A.; Bańko, M.; Górski, R.; Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, B (2012) Wyszukiwarka PELCRA dla danych NKJP. Narodowy Korpus Języka Polskiego [National Polish Language Corpus, PELCRA search engine], Wydawnictwo PWN
Further reading
- absolut in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- absolut in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], (please provide a date or year)
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807-1814) Słownik języka polskiego, volume 1, page 3
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “absolut”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “absolut”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 4
- absolut in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Romanian
Etymology
Borrowed from French absolu, from Latin absolutus.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ab.soˈlut/, /ap.soˈlut/
Adjective
absolut m or n (feminine singular absolută, masculine plural absoluți, feminine and neuter plural absolute)
- absolute
Adverb
absolut
- absolutely
Further reading
- absolut in DEX online - Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Swedish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /absɔˈlʉːt/
Audio (file)
Adjective
absolut
- absolute, full, complete
Declension
| Inflection of absolut | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
| Common singular | absolut | — | — |
| Neuter singular | absolut | — | — |
| Plural | absoluta | — | — |
| Masculine plural3 | absolute | — | — |
| Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
| Masculine singular1 | absolute | — | — |
| All | absoluta | — | — |
| 1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic | |||
Synonyms
- fullkomlig
Related terms
- absolutism
- absolutist
Adverb
absolut
- absolutely