𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽
Gothic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *dulþijaną; synchronically analyzable as 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐍃 (dulþs) + -𐌾𐌰𐌽 (-jan).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdulθjan/
Verb
𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (dulþjan)
- to keep a feast, to celebrate
- 1 Corinthians 5:8:
- 𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌿 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌼, 𐌽𐌹 𐌹𐌽 𐌱𐌴𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰, 𐌽𐌹𐌸-𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌹𐌽 𐌱𐌴𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰 𐌱𐌰𐌻𐍅𐌰𐍅𐌴𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌴𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃; 𐌰𐌺 𐌹𐌽 𐌿𐌽𐌱𐌴𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽 𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐍃-𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌾𐍉𐍃.
- þannu dulþjam, ni in beista fairnjamma, niþ-þan in beista balwawēseins jah unsēleins; ak in unbeistein unwammeins jas-sunjōs.
- Therefore let us keep the feast, not with old leaven, neither with the leaven of malice and wickedness; but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth. (KJV)
- 1 Corinthians 5:8:
Conjugation
| Class 1 weak | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 dulþjan | |||
| Indicative | Present | Past | Present passive | |
| 1st singular | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰 dulþja | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌰 dulþida | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 dulþjada | |
| 2nd singular | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌹𐍃 dulþjis | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 dulþidēs | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 dulþjaza | |
| 3rd singular | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌹𐌸 dulþjiþ | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌰 dulþida | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 dulþjada | |
| 1st dual | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐍉𐍃 dulþjōs | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 dulþidēdu | — | |
| 2nd dual | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 dulþjats | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 dulþidēduts | — | |
| 1st plural | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌼 dulþjam | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 dulþidēdum | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 dulþjanda | |
| 2nd plural | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌹𐌸 dulþjiþ | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 dulþidēduþ | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 dulþjanda | |
| 3rd plural | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 dulþjand | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 dulþidēdun | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 dulþjanda | |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Present passive | |
| 1st singular | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌿 dulþjau | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 dulþidēdjau | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 dulþjaidau | |
| 2nd singular | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 dulþjais | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 dulþidēdeis | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 dulþjaizau | |
| 3rd singular | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹 dulþjai | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 dulþidēdi | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 dulþjaidau | |
| 1st dual | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 dulþjaiwa | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 dulþidēdeiwa | — | |
| 2nd dual | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 dulþjaits | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 dulþidēdeits | — | |
| 1st plural | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 dulþjaima | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 dulþidēdeima | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 dulþjaindau | |
| 2nd plural | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 dulþjaiþ | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 dulþidēdeiþ | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 dulþjaindau | |
| 3rd plural | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 dulþjaina | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 dulþidēdeina | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 dulþjaindau | |
| Imperative | ||||
| 2nd singular | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹 dulþei | |||
| 3rd singular | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 dulþjadau | |||
| 2nd dual | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 dulþjats | |||
| 2nd plural | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌹𐌸 dulþjiþ | |||
| 3rd plural | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 dulþjandau | |||
| Present | Past | |||
| Participles | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 dulþjands | 𐌳𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌸𐍃 dulþiþs | ||
Further reading
- Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 28