혼잡하다
Korean
Etymology
From 혼잡 (混雜, honjap) + the suffix —하다 (hada).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɸʷo̞ɲd͡ʑa̠pʰa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangeul: [혼자파다]
|
Adjective
혼잡하다 • (honjaphada) (infinitive 혼잡해 or 혼잡하여, sequential 혼잡하니)
- (to be) chaotic
- (to be) crowded; congested; busy
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 혼잡하다 (honjaphada)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 혼잡하 (honjapha) |
| Stem 2 | 혼잡해 (honjaphae) |
| Stem 2a | 혼잡하여 (honjaphayeo) |
| Stem 3 | 혼잡하 (honjapha) |
| Conjugation type | Vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 혼잡하다 honjaphada | 혼잡해 honjaphae | 혼잡해요 honjaphaeyo | 혼잡합니다 honjaphamnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 혼잡했다 honjaphaetda | 혼잡했어 honjaphaesseo | 혼잡했어요 honjaphaesseoyo | 혼잡했습니다 honjaphaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 혼잡하냐 honjaphanya | 혼잡해 honjaphae | 혼잡해요 honjaphaeyo | 혼잡합니까 honjaphamnikka |
| Past | 혼잡했냐 honjaphaennya | 혼잡했어 honjaphaesseo | 혼잡했어요 honjaphaesseoyo | 혼잡했습니까 honjaphaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 혼잡하겠다 honjaphagetda | 혼잡하겠어 honjaphagesseo | 혼잡하겠어요 honjaphagesseoyo | 혼잡하겠습니다 honjaphagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 혼잡해 honjaphae | 혼잡해서, 혼잡하여서 honjaphaeseo, honjaphayeoseo | 혼잡하니 honjaphani | 혼잡하니까 honjaphanikka | |
| Contrast | 혼잡하지만 honjaphajiman | 혼잡한데 honjaphande | 혼잡하더니 honjaphadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 혼잡하고 honjaphago | ||||
| Condition | 혼잡하면 honjaphamyeon | 혼잡해야, 혼잡하여야 honjaphaeya, honjaphayeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 혼잡함 honjapham | 혼잡하기 honjaphagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 혼잡했음, 혼잡하였음 honjaphaesseum, honjaphayeosseum | 혼잡했기, 혼잡하였기 honjaphaetgi, honjaphayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 혼잡한 honjaphan | |||
| Future | 혼잡할 honjaphal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 혼잡하시다 honjaphasida | 혼잡하셔 honjaphasyeo | 혼잡하세요, 혼잡하셔요 honjaphaseyo, honjaphasyeoyo | 혼잡하십니다 honjaphasimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 혼잡하셨다 honjaphasyeotda | 혼잡하셨어 honjaphasyeosseo | 혼잡하셨어요 honjaphasyeosseoyo | 혼잡하셨습니다 honjaphasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 혼잡하시냐 honjaphasinya | 혼잡하셔 honjaphasyeo | 혼잡하세요, 혼잡하셔요 honjaphaseyo, honjaphasyeoyo | 혼잡하십니까 honjaphasimnikka |
| Past | 혼잡하셨냐 honjaphasyeonnya | 혼잡하셨어 honjaphasyeosseo | 혼잡하셨어요 honjaphasyeosseoyo | 혼잡하셨습니까 honjaphasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 혼잡하시겠다 honjaphasigetda | 혼잡하시겠어 honjaphasigesseo | 혼잡하시겠어요 honjaphasigesseoyo | 혼잡하시겠습니다 honjaphasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 혼잡하셔 honjaphasyeo | 혼잡하셔서 honjaphasyeoseo | 혼잡하시니 honjaphasini | 혼잡하시니까 honjaphasinikka | |
| Contrast | 혼잡하시지만 honjaphasijiman | 혼잡하신데 honjaphasinde | 혼잡하시더니 honjaphasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 혼잡하시고 honjaphasigo | ||||
| Condition | 혼잡하시면 honjaphasimyeon | 혼잡하셔야 honjaphasyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 혼잡하심 honjaphasim | 혼잡하시기 honjaphasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 혼잡하셨음 honjaphasyeosseum | 혼잡하셨기 honjaphasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 혼잡하신 honjaphasin | |||
| Future | 혼잡하실 honjaphasil | ||||