총명하다
Korean
Etymology
From 총명 (聰明, chongmyeong, “intelligence”) + 하다 (hada, “to have a quality”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key)[t͡ɕʰo̞ŋmjʌ̹ŋɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic Hangul[총명하다]
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Adjective
총명하다 • (chongmyeonghada) (infinitive 총명해 or 총명하여, sequential 총명하니)
- clever, intelligent, smart
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 총명하다 (chongmyeonghada)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 총명하 (chongmyeongha) |
| Stem 2 | 총명해 (chongmyeonghae) |
| Stem 2a | 총명하여 (chongmyeonghayeo) |
| Stem 3 | 총명하 (chongmyeongha) |
| Conjugation type | Vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 총명하다 chongmyeonghada | 총명해 chongmyeonghae | 총명해요 chongmyeonghaeyo | 총명합니다 chongmyeonghamnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 총명했다 chongmyeonghaetda | 총명했어 chongmyeonghaesseo | 총명했어요 chongmyeonghaesseoyo | 총명했습니다 chongmyeonghaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 총명하냐 chongmyeonghanya | 총명해 chongmyeonghae | 총명해요 chongmyeonghaeyo | 총명합니까 chongmyeonghamnikka |
| Past | 총명했냐 chongmyeonghaennya | 총명했어 chongmyeonghaesseo | 총명했어요 chongmyeonghaesseoyo | 총명했습니까 chongmyeonghaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 총명하겠다 chongmyeonghagetda | 총명하겠어 chongmyeonghagesseo | 총명하겠어요 chongmyeonghagesseoyo | 총명하겠습니다 chongmyeonghagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 총명해 chongmyeonghae | 총명해서, 총명하여서 chongmyeonghaeseo, chongmyeonghayeoseo | 총명하니 chongmyeonghani | 총명하니까 chongmyeonghanikka | |
| Contrast | 총명하지만 chongmyeonghajiman | 총명한데 chongmyeonghande | 총명하더니 chongmyeonghadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 총명하고 chongmyeonghago | ||||
| Condition | 총명하면 chongmyeonghamyeon | 총명해야, 총명하여야 chongmyeonghaeya, chongmyeonghayeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 총명함 chongmyeongham | 총명하기 chongmyeonghagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 총명했음, 총명하였음 chongmyeonghaesseum, chongmyeonghayeosseum | 총명했기, 총명하였기 chongmyeonghaetgi, chongmyeonghayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 총명한 chongmyeonghan | |||
| Future | 총명할 chongmyeonghal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 총명하시다 chongmyeonghasida | 총명하셔 chongmyeonghasyeo | 총명하세요, 총명하셔요 chongmyeonghaseyo, chongmyeonghasyeoyo | 총명하십니다 chongmyeonghasimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 총명하셨다 chongmyeonghasyeotda | 총명하셨어 chongmyeonghasyeosseo | 총명하셨어요 chongmyeonghasyeosseoyo | 총명하셨습니다 chongmyeonghasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 총명하시냐 chongmyeonghasinya | 총명하셔 chongmyeonghasyeo | 총명하세요, 총명하셔요 chongmyeonghaseyo, chongmyeonghasyeoyo | 총명하십니까 chongmyeonghasimnikka |
| Past | 총명하셨냐 chongmyeonghasyeonnya | 총명하셨어 chongmyeonghasyeosseo | 총명하셨어요 chongmyeonghasyeosseoyo | 총명하셨습니까 chongmyeonghasyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 총명하시겠다 chongmyeonghasigetda | 총명하시겠어 chongmyeonghasigesseo | 총명하시겠어요 chongmyeonghasigesseoyo | 총명하시겠습니다 chongmyeonghasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 총명하셔 chongmyeonghasyeo | 총명하셔서 chongmyeonghasyeoseo | 총명하시니 chongmyeonghasini | 총명하시니까 chongmyeonghasinikka | |
| Contrast | 총명하시지만 chongmyeonghasijiman | 총명하신데 chongmyeonghasinde | 총명하시더니 chongmyeonghasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 총명하시고 chongmyeonghasigo | ||||
| Condition | 총명하시면 chongmyeonghasimyeon | 총명하셔야 chongmyeonghasyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 총명하심 chongmyeonghasim | 총명하시기 chongmyeonghasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 총명하셨음 chongmyeonghasyeosseum | 총명하셨기 chongmyeonghasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 총명하신 chongmyeonghasin | |||
| Future | 총명하실 chongmyeonghasil | ||||