요
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요욕욖욗욘욙욚 욛욜욝욞욟욠욡 욢욣욤욥욦욧욨 용욪욫욬욭욮욯 | |
외 ← | → 우 |
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Korean
Particle
요 • (yo)
- For the verb-final particle, see the entry at 요 (-yo).
Etymology 2
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 요 (Yale: yo), derived from 이 (i, “this”) with a yang vowel introduced for sound-symbolic diminutiveness.
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jo]
- Phonetic hangul: [요]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | yo |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | yo |
McCune–Reischauer? | yo |
Yale Romanization? | yo |
Determiner
요 • (yo)
- (diminutive) this (little)
- 요 애기 너무 귀엽다!
- yo aegi neomu gwiyeopda!
- This baby is so cute!
- 요 새끼가 뭐라고?
- yo saekki-ga mworago?
- What did this little bastard say?
- Synonym: 이 (i, “this”, non-diminutive)
- Coordinate terms: 고 (go, “that”, mesial diminutive), 조 (jo, “that”, distal diminutive)
Etymology 3
First attested in the Won'gakgyeong eonhae (圓覺經諺解 / 원각경언해), 1465, as Middle Korean ᅀᅭᇂ (Yale: zywòh), from Late Middle Chinese 褥 (MC ȵɨok̚). Whether Korean lenited the final -k̚ to -h as part of its general leniting process, or whether the Middle Chinese source was a late variety that had already lenited the plosive codas to -ɣ or -ʔ which was then borrowed as -h, is disputed.[1]
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jo]
- Phonetic hangul: [요]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | yo |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | yo |
McCune–Reischauer? | yo |
Yale Romanization? | yo |
Noun
요 • (yo)
- a blanket on which one sleeps, often used in Korea in lieu of beds
Derived terms
- 담요 (damyo, “blanket (in general)”)
Etymology 4
Sino-Korean word from 要 (要, “necessary”).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jo]
- Phonetic hangul: [요]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | yo |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | yo |
McCune–Reischauer? | yo |
Yale Romanization? | yo |
Noun
요 • (yo) (hanja 要)
- Synonym of 요지(要旨) (yoji, “main idea”)
Prefix
요— • (yo-) (hanja 要)
- (formal) required, necessary
- 요보호아동
- yobohoadong
- at-risk children
- (literally, “children in need of protection”)
Suffix
—요 • (-yo) (hanja 要)
- (formal, written) required, necessary
- 신분증 지참 요
- sinbunjeung jicham yo
- required to bring proof of identity
Usage notes
The prefix is not spaced, but the suffix often is.
Derived terms
- 요하다 (要—, yohada, “to require (formal)”)
- See the hanja entry at 要 (要) for Sino-Korean compounds of 요 (要, yo).
Etymology 5
Sino-Korean word from 尿 (尿, “urine”).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jo]
- Phonetic hangul: [요]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | yo |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | yo |
McCune–Reischauer? | yo |
Yale Romanization? | yo |
Noun
South Korean Standard Language | 요(尿) (yo) |
---|---|
North Korean Standard Language | 뇨(尿) (nyo) |
요 • (yo) (hanja 尿)
- (formal, academic) urine
- 요에 당이 과다하게 나타나고 있습니다.
- yo-e dang-i gwadahage natanago itseumnida.
- An excessive quantity of sugar is appearing in the urine.
- Synonym: 오줌 (ojum, usual non-academic term)
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 尿 (尿) for Sino-Korean compounds of 요 (尿, yo).
Etymology 6
Sino-Korean word from 遼 (遼, “the Liao”).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jo]
- Phonetic hangul: [요]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | Yo |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | Yo |
McCune–Reischauer? | Yo |
Yale Romanization? | yo |
Proper noun
South Korean Standard Language | 요(遼) (Yo) |
---|---|
North Korean Standard Language | 료(遼) (Ryo) |
요 • (Yo) (hanja 遼)
- (formal) the Liao, a medieval Khitan empire
- Synonym: 요나라 (Yonara, “the Liao”, usual non-academic term)
Usage notes
- As with all historical Chinese polities with a single-character name, the Liao are usually referred to with the suffix 나라 (nara, “nation, country”) as 요나라 (Yo-nara, “the Liao country”) outside of formal contexts.
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 遼 (遼) for Sino-Korean compounds of 요 (遼, yo).
Etymology 7
Sino-Korean word from 堯 (堯, “Emperor Yao”).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jo]
- Phonetic hangul: [요]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | Yo |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | Yo |
McCune–Reischauer? | Yo |
Yale Romanization? | yo |
Proper noun
요 • (Yo) (hanja 堯)
- Synonym of 요임금 (Yo-imgeum, “Emperor Yao, legendary ruler of ancient China”)
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 堯 (堯) for Sino-Korean compounds of 요 (堯, yo).
Etymology 8
Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters, from Middle Korean 요 (Yale: yò), 요〯 (Yale: yǒ), ᅀᅭ (Yale: zyò), or ᅀᅭ〯 (Yale: zyǒ).
Syllable
요 (yo)
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Etymology 9
South Korean reading of various Chinese characters in isolation or as the first element of a compound, and also the reading in most dialects in 1945, excluding Pyongan and Yukjin. From Middle Korean 료 (Yale: lyò) or 료〯 (Yale: lyǒ). When preceded by another character in a compound, they retain the original 료 (ryo) form.
In the North Korean standard, they are always read as 료 (ryo).
Syllable
요 (yo)
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Etymology 10
South Korean reading of various Chinese characters in isolation or as the first element of a compound, and also the reading in most dialects in 1945, excluding Pyongan and Yukjin. From Middle Korean 뇨 (Yale: nyò) or 뇨〯 (Yale: nyǒ). When preceded by another character in a compound, they retain the original 뇨 (nyo) form.
In the North Korean standard, they are always read as 뇨 (nyo).
Syllable
요 (yo)
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References
- 신승용 (Shin Seung-yong) (2003), “/k/ > /h/ 變化에 對한 考察 [Study on the /k/ > /h/ shift]”, in Gugeohak, volume 41, pages 93—122