놀다
Jeju
Etymology
Cognate to Korean 놀다 (nolda).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /no̞ɭda̠/
Verb
놀다 (nolda)
- to play, to frolic
Derived terms
- 놀이개 (norigae, “play, game; plaything, toy”)
Related terms
- 놀래 (nollae, “song”)
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 놀〯다〮 (Yale: nwǒl-tá), from pre-MK *nwòló-. In the Old Korean stage when the language distinguished the liquid consonants, the consonant in this stem was a lateral */l/ and not a rhotic */ɾ/ (Ramsey 1991; Ramsey 2008).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈno̞(ː)ɭda̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [놀(ː)다]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | nolda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | nolda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | nolda |
| Yale Romanization? | nōlta |
Verb
놀다 • (nolda) (infinitive 놀아, sequential 노니)
- (intransitive) to play, to hang out
- 어디 놀러 가자. ― Eodi nolleo gaja. ― Let's go hang out somewhere.
- 지난 주말에 친구들이랑 놀았어요. ― jinan jumar-e chin'gu-deur-irang norasseoyo. ― Last weekend, I hung out with my friends.
- (intransitive) to frolic, to move about gaily
- 잉어가 연못에서 논다. ― ing'eo-ga yeonmos-eseo nonda. ― The carps frolic in the pond.
- (intransitive) (of a person or institution) to not work (e.g. due to vacation or unemployment); (of an object) to be unused or out of operation
- 짤리고 나서 일자리를 찾기는 커녕 매일 빈둥빈둥 놀기만 한다.
- jjalligo naseo iljari-reul chatgi-neun keonyeong maeil bindungbindung nolgi-man handa.
- After being fired, far from looking for work, all he does is laze about.
- 너무 놀았더니 피아노 감을 잃었다.
- neomu noratdeoni piano gam-eul ireotda.
- After taking a break for too long, I've lost touch with the piano.
- 놀던 컴퓨터로 비트코인을 채굴하기 시작했다.
- noldeon keompyuteo-ro biteukoin-eul chaegulhagi sijakhaetda.
- They have started to mine for bitcoins with computers that had been unused.
- (intransitive) to behave delinquently or indecently
- 노는 애들 ― noneun ae-deul ― the delinquent kids
- (intransitive) Used to refer vaguely to any action, typically with a sarcastic, disparaging connotation.
- 놀고 있네. ― nolgo inne. ― What a joke they are. (literally, “They are playing.”)
- (intransitive, dated, of a body part) to move without difficulty
- (transitive, dated, rare) to hold (a performance or similar event)
- (transitive, dated, rare) to use in gambling or a game of luck
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 놀다 (nolda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 논다 nonda | 놀아 nora | 놀아요 norayo | 놉니다 nomnida |
| Past | 놀았다 noratda | 놀았어 norasseo | 놀았어요 norasseoyo | 놀았습니다 noratseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 노느냐 noneunya | 놀아 nora | 놀아요 norayo | 놉니까 nomnikka |
| Past | 놀았느냐 noranneunya | 놀았어 norasseo | 놀았어요 norasseoyo | 놀았습니까 noratseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 놀자 nolja | 놀아 nora | 놀아요 norayo | 놉시다 nopsida | |
| Imperative | 놀아라 norara | 놀아 nora | 놀아요 norayo | 놉시오 nopsio | |
| Assertive | 놀겠다 nolgetda | 놀겠어 nolgesseo | 놀겠어요 nolgesseoyo | 놀겠습니다 nolgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 놀아 nora | 놀아서 noraseo | 노니 noni | 노니까 nonikka | |
| Contrast | 놀지만 noljiman | 노는데 noneunde | 놀더니 noldeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 놀고 nolgo | ||||
| Condition | 놀면 nolmyeon | 놀아야 noraya | |||
| Motive | 놀려고 nollyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 놂 nom | 놀기 nolgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 놀았음 norasseum | 놀았기 noratgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 논 non | |||
| Present | 노는 noneun | ||||
| Future | 놀 nol | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 노신다 nosinda | 노셔 nosyeo | 노세요, 노셔요 noseyo, nosyeoyo | 노십니다 nosimnida |
| Past | 노셨다 nosyeotda | 노셨어 nosyeosseo | 노셨어요 nosyeosseoyo | 노셨습니다 nosyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 노시느냐 nosineunya | 노셔 nosyeo | 노세요, 노셔요 noseyo, nosyeoyo | 노십니까 nosimnikka |
| Past | 노셨느냐 nosyeonneunya | 노셨어 nosyeosseo | 노셨어요 nosyeosseoyo | 노셨습니까 nosyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 노시라 nosira | 노셔 nosyeo | 노세요 noseyo | 노십시오 nosipsio | |
| Assertive | 노시겠다 nosigetda | 노시겠어 nosigesseo | 노시겠어요 nosigesseoyo | 노시겠습니다 nosigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 노셔 nosyeo | 노셔서 nosyeoseo | 노시니 nosini | 노시니까 nosinikka | |
| Contrast | 노시지만 nosijiman | 노시는데 nosineunde | 노시더니 nosideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 노시고 nosigo | ||||
| Condition | 노시면 nosimyeon | 노셔야 nosyeoya | |||
| Motive | 노시려고 nosiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 노심 nosim | 노시기 nosigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 노셨음 nosyeosseum | 노셨기 nosyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 노신 nosin | |||
| Present | 노시는 nosineun | ||||
| Future | 노실 nosil | ||||
Derived terms
- 가지고 놀다 (gajigo nolda, “to toy with”)
- 놀이 (nori, “play, game, sport”)
- 놀음 (noreum, “play, merrymaking, spree”)
- 놀리다 (nollida, “to allow someone to play”)
- 놀아나다 (noranada, “to take to fast living, to become a playboy”)
- 논다니 (nondani, “prostitute, courtesan”)
- 뛰놀다 (ttwinolda, “to romp, to frisk”)
- 노리개 (norigae, “plaything, toy”)
Related terms
- 노닐다 (nonilda)
- 노래 (norae, “song”)
- 노름 (noreum, “gambling”)
- 노릇 (noreut, “job, duty”)