낮다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Gugeupbang eonhae (救急方諺解 / 구급방언해), 1466, as Middle Korean ᄂᆞᆽ다 (Yale: nocta).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key)[na̠t̚t͈a̠]
- Phonetic Hangul[낟따]
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Adjective
낮다 • (natda) (infinitive 낮아, sequential 낮으니)
- To be low (in height, in value)
- 낮은 울타리
- najeun ultari
- a low fence
- 합격 가능성이 낮다.
- Hapgyeok ganeungseong-i natda.
- The chance of passing the examination is low.
- 올해 물가지수가 작년에 비해 낮은 편이다.
- Olhae mulgajisuga jangnyeone bihae najeun pyeonida.
- This year the price index is lower than last year.
Conjugation
Selected forms of the adjective 낮다 (natda)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 낮 (nat) |
| Stem 2 | 낮아 (naja) |
| Stem 3 | 낮으 (najeu) |
| Conjugation type | Consonant-stem, regular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 낮다 natda | 낮아 naja | 낮아요 najayo | 낮습니다 natseumnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 낮았다 najatda | 낮았어 najasseo | 낮았어요 najasseoyo | 낮았습니다 najatseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 낮으냐 najeunya | 낮아 naja | 낮아요 najayo | 낮습니까 natseumnikka |
| Past | 낮았냐 najannya | 낮았어 najasseo | 낮았어요 najasseoyo | 낮았습니까 najatseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 낮겠다 natgetda | 낮겠어 natgesseo | 낮겠어요 natgesseoyo | 낮겠습니다 natgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 낮아 naja | 낮아서 najaseo | 낮으니 najeuni | 낮으니까 najeunikka | |
| Contrast | 낮지만 natjiman | 낮은데 najeunde | 낮더니 natdeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 낮고 natgo | ||||
| Condition | 낮으면 najeumyeon | 낮아야 najaya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 낮음 najeum | 낮기 natgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 낮았음 najasseum | 낮았기 najatgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 낮은 najeun | |||
| Future | 낮을 najeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 낮으시다 najeusida | 낮으셔 najeusyeo | 낮으세요, 낮으셔요 najeuseyo, najeusyeoyo | 낮으십니다 najeusimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 낮으셨다 najeusyeotda | 낮으셨어 najeusyeosseo | 낮으셨어요 najeusyeosseoyo | 낮으셨습니다 najeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 낮으시냐 najeusinya | 낮으셔 najeusyeo | 낮으세요, 낮으셔요 najeuseyo, najeusyeoyo | 낮으십니까 najeusimnikka |
| Past | 낮으셨냐 najeusyeonnya | 낮으셨어 najeusyeosseo | 낮으셨어요 najeusyeosseoyo | 낮으셨습니까 najeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 낮으시겠다 najeusigetda | 낮으시겠어 najeusigesseo | 낮으시겠어요 najeusigesseoyo | 낮으시겠습니다 najeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 낮으셔 najeusyeo | 낮으셔서 najeusyeoseo | 낮으시니 najeusini | 낮으시니까 najeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 낮으시지만 najeusijiman | 낮으신데 najeusinde | 낮으시더니 najeusideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 낮으시고 najeusigo | ||||
| Condition | 낮으시면 najeusimyeon | 낮으셔야 najeusyeoya | |||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 낮으심 najeusim | 낮으시기 najeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 낮으셨음 najeusyeosseum | 낮으셨기 najeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 낮으신 najeusin | |||
| Future | 낮으실 najeusil | ||||
Antonyms
- 높다 (nopda, “to be high”)
Derived terms
- 낮추다 (natchuda)
- 난쟁이 (nanjaeng-i, “dwarf”)