과장하다
Korean
Etymology
과장(誇張) (gwajang) + 하다 (hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈkwa̠(ː)d͡ʑa̠ŋɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangeul: [과(ː)장하다]
- Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, the great majority of speakers (in both Koreas) no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | gwajanghada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gwajanghada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kwajanghada |
| Yale Romanization? | kwācanghata |
Verb
과장하다 • (gwajanghada) (infinitive 과장해 or 과장하여, sequential 과장하니)
- to exaggerate
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 과장하다 (gwajanghada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 과장한다 gwajanghanda | 과장해 gwajanghae | 과장해요 gwajanghaeyo | 과장합니다 gwajanghamnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 과장했다 gwajanghaetda | 과장했어 gwajanghaesseo | 과장했어요 gwajanghaesseoyo | 과장했습니다 gwajanghaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 과장하느냐 gwajanghaneunya | 과장해 gwajanghae | 과장해요 gwajanghaeyo | 과장합니까 gwajanghamnikka |
| Past | 과장했느냐 gwajanghaenneunya | 과장했어 gwajanghaesseo | 과장했어요 gwajanghaesseoyo | 과장했습니까 gwajanghaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 과장하자 gwajanghaja | 과장해 gwajanghae | 과장해요 gwajanghaeyo | 과장합시다 gwajanghapsida | |
| Imperative | 과장해라, 과장하여라 gwajanghaera, gwajanghayeora | 과장해 gwajanghae | 과장해요 gwajanghaeyo | 과장합시오 gwajanghapsio | |
| Assertive | 과장하겠다 gwajanghagetda | 과장하겠어 gwajanghagesseo | 과장하겠어요 gwajanghagesseoyo | 과장하겠습니다 gwajanghagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 과장해 gwajanghae | 과장해서, 과장하여서 gwajanghaeseo, gwajanghayeoseo | 과장하니 gwajanghani | 과장하니까 gwajanghanikka | |
| Contrast | 과장하지만 gwajanghajiman | 과장하는데 gwajanghaneunde | 과장하더니 gwajanghadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 과장하고 gwajanghago | ||||
| Condition | 과장하면 gwajanghamyeon | 과장해야, 과장하여야 gwajanghaeya, gwajanghayeoya | |||
| Motive | 과장하려고 gwajangharyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 과장함 gwajangham | 과장하기 gwajanghagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 과장했음, 과장하였음 gwajanghaesseum, gwajanghayeosseum | 과장했기, 과장하였기 gwajanghaetgi, gwajanghayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 과장한 gwajanghan | |||
| Present | 과장하는 gwajanghaneun | ||||
| Future | 과장할 gwajanghal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) | Informal non-polite (해체) | Informal polite (해요체) | Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 과장하신다 gwajanghasinda | 과장하셔 gwajanghasyeo | 과장하세요, 과장하셔요 gwajanghaseyo, gwajanghasyeoyo | 과장하십니다 gwajanghasimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 과장하셨다 gwajanghasyeotda | 과장하셨어 gwajanghasyeosseo | 과장하셨어요 gwajanghasyeosseoyo | 과장하셨습니다 gwajanghasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 과장하시느냐 gwajanghasineunya | 과장하셔 gwajanghasyeo | 과장하세요, 과장하셔요 gwajanghaseyo, gwajanghasyeoyo | 과장하십니까 gwajanghasimnikka |
| Past | 과장하셨느냐 gwajanghasyeonneunya | 과장하셨어 gwajanghasyeosseo | 과장하셨어요 gwajanghasyeosseoyo | 과장하셨습니까 gwajanghasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 과장하시라 gwajanghasira | 과장하셔 gwajanghasyeo | 과장하세요 gwajanghaseyo | 과장하십시오 gwajanghasipsio | |
| Assertive | 과장하시겠다 gwajanghasigetda | 과장하시겠어 gwajanghasigesseo | 과장하시겠어요 gwajanghasigesseoyo | 과장하시겠습니다 gwajanghasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 과장하셔 gwajanghasyeo | 과장하셔서 gwajanghasyeoseo | 과장하시니 gwajanghasini | 과장하시니까 gwajanghasinikka | |
| Contrast | 과장하시지만 gwajanghasijiman | 과장하시는데 gwajanghasineunde | 과장하시더니 gwajanghasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 과장하시고 gwajanghasigo | ||||
| Condition | 과장하시면 gwajanghasimyeon | 과장하셔야 gwajanghasyeoya | |||
| Motive | 과장하시려고 gwajanghasiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 과장하심 gwajanghasim | 과장하시기 gwajanghasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 과장하셨음 gwajanghasyeosseum | 과장하셨기 gwajanghasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 과장하신 gwajanghasin | |||
| Present | 과장하시는 gwajanghasineun | ||||
| Future | 과장하실 gwajanghasil | ||||