魔

魔	U+9B54, 魔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9B54

← 魓
[U+9B53]

CJK Unified Ideographs

魕 →
[U+9B55]

Translingual

Han character

魔 (Kangxi radical 194, 鬼+11, 21 strokes, cangjie input 戈金竹山戈 (ICHUI) or 戈木竹山戈 (IDHUI) or 戈木竹戈 (IDHI), four-corner 0021₃, composition ⿸麻鬼)

Derived characters

𭤞, 𤜘, 𮫩

References

KangXi: page 1462, character 67
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45906
Dae Jaweon: page 1997, character 2
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4436, character 11
Unihan data for U+9B54

Chinese

trad.		魔
simp. ^#		魔
2nd round simp.		⿸广⿸⿻丿日乚

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (麻) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
麻	*mraːl
痲	*mraːl
犘	*mraːl
縻	*mral
醿	*mral
爢	*mral
蘼	mral, mralʔ, *mrɯl
靡	*mralʔ
摩	maːl, maːls
魔	*maːl
磨	maːl, maːls
劘	*maːl
麽	*maːl
麼	*maːlʔ
塺	maːls, mɯːl
麾	*hmral

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *maːl) : phonetic 麻 (OC *mraːl) + semantic 鬼 (“demon”).

Etymology

Clipping of 魔羅 (MC muɑ lɑ), from Sanskrit मार (māra, “killing; death; destroyer; demon”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): mó (mo²)
(Zhuyin): ㄇㄛˊ
(Chengdu, SP): mo²
(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): мо (mo, I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): mo¹, mo⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): mo⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): mô
(Meixian, Guangdong): mo²
Jin (Wiktionary): me¹
Min Bei (KCR): mǒ̤
Min Dong (BUC): mò̤
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): mô͘
(Teochew, Peng'im): mo⁵
Wu (Wiktionary): mo (T3); mu (T3)
Xiang (Wiktionary): mo²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mó
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mó
  - Wade–Giles: mo²
  - Yale: mwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mo
  - Palladius: мо (mo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mwɔ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: mo²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: mo
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mo²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: мо (mo, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: mo¹, mo⁴
  - Yale: mō, mòh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mo¹, mo⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: mo¹, mo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔː⁵⁵/, /mɔː²¹/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: mo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mo³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mô
  - Hakka Romanization System: mo´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: mo¹
  - Sinological IPA: /mo²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: mo²
  - Sinological IPA: /mo¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: me¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /mɤ¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: mǒ̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔ²¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: mò̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mo⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mô͘
  - Tâi-lô: môo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: moo
  - IPA (Xiamen): /mɔ̃²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /mɔ̃²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /mɔ̃¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /mɔ̃²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /mɔ̃²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: mo⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mô
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mo⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: mo (T3); mu (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mo²³/, /mv̩ʷ²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: mo²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mo¹³/

Middle Chinese: /muɑ/

Rime
Character	魔
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	莫婆切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/muɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/muɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mwa/
Li Rong	/muɑ/
Wang Li	/muɑ/
Bernard Karlgren	/muɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mo⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*maːl/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	魔
Reading #	1/1
No.	8705
Phonetic component	麻
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	摩
Old Chinese	/*maːl/
Notes	梵譯māra，梁武帝改磨爲魔

Definitions

魔

(Buddhism) mara (demon)
devil; demon; evil spirit
fiend; harmful or evil thing or person
magic; the unnatural
crazy; delusional, manic
to be obsessed with; idolatry.
- 寶釵道：「可真是詩魔了。」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
  宝钗道：“可真是诗魔了。” [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
  From: Cao Xueqin, Dream of the Red Chamber, mid-18^th century CE
  Bǎochāi dào: “Kě zhēn shì shī mó le.” [Pinyin]
  Baochai says: “[She] really has been under a poetry craze.”

Synonyms

(devil):

edit

Synonyms of 魔

妖孽 (yāoniè)
妖怪 (yāoguài)
妖物 (yāowù)
妖精 (yāojīng)
妖鬼 (yāoguǐ)
妖魔 (yāomó)

孽 (niè) (literary, or in compounds)
怪物 (guàiwu)
煞神 (shàshén) (literary, literally or figuratively)
精怪 (jīngguài)
邪魔 (xiémó)
魔障 (mózhàng) (Buddhism)

魔鬼 (móguǐ) (literally or figuratively)
凶煞 (xiōngshà) (literally or figuratively)
凶神 (xiōngshén) (literally or figuratively)
惡魔／恶魔 (èmó) (literally or figuratively)
精靈／精灵 (jīnglíng)

Compounds

Derived terms from 魔

伏魔大帝
入魔 (rùmó)
天魔外道
天魔舞
好事多魔
妖魔 (yāomó)
妖魔鬼怪 (yāomóguǐguài)
文魔
混世魔王
牛魔王 (niú mówáng)
狐媚魔道
病魔 (bìngmó)
睡魔
花魔酒病
著魔／着魔 (zháomó)
走火入魔 (zǒuhuǒrùmó)
走魔入火
道高一尺，魔高一丈 (dào gāo yī chǐ, mó gāo yī zhàng)
邪魔 (xiémó)
邪魔外道
魔力 (mólì)
魔咒 (mózhòu)
魔山
魔幻 (móhuàn)
魔影 (móyǐng)
魔念
魔怔 (mózheng)

魔怪 (móguài)
魔意
魔手
魔掌 (mózhǎng)
魔方 (mófāng)
魔星 (móxīng)
魔杖 (mózhàng)
魔板
魔棍
魔法 (mófǎ)
魔法石
魔爪 (mózhǎo)
魔王 (mówáng)
魔王夜叉
魔瓶
魔窟 (mókū)
魔笛
魔芋 (móyù)
魔道 (módào)
魔障 (mózhàng)
魔高一尺，道高一丈
魔鬼 (móguǐ)
魔鬼湖
魔鬼身材 (móguǐ shēncái)
寶魔／宝魔
惡魔／恶魔 (èmó)
潑魔／泼魔

瘋魔／疯魔 (fēngmó)
群魔亂舞／群魔乱舞 (qúnmóluànwǔ)
詩魔／诗魔
變魔術／变魔术
面魔羅／面魔罗
風魔／风魔
風魔九伯／风魔九伯
鬧魔／闹魔
魔合羅／魔合罗
魔媼／魔媪
魔宮／魔宫
魔數／魔数
魔羅／魔罗 (móluó)
魔術／魔术 (móshù)
魔術師／魔术师 (móshùshī)
魔術數字／魔术数字
魔術方塊／魔术方块 (móshù fāngkuài)
魔術蛇／魔术蛇
魔鏡／魔镜 (mójìng)
魔難／魔难 (mónàn)
魔電／魔电
魔音傳腦／魔音传脑
魔頭／魔头 (mótóu)
魔駝／魔驼
魔鬼學派／魔鬼学派
魘魔法／魇魔法

Japanese

Shinjitai	魔
Kyūjitai [1]	魔󠄁 魔+`󠄁`^? (Adobe-Japan1)
	魔󠄃 魔+`󠄃`^? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

魔

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Ryakuji for 魔, a phono-semantic simplification as 广 (radical) + マ (phonetic “ma” for on reading), also used for 摩; compare 機 and 議.

demon, evil spirit
sorcery, witchcraft

Readings

Go-on: ま (ma, Jōyō)
Kan-on: ば (ba)

Compounds

閻魔(えんま) (Enma)
妖魔(ようま) (yōma)
霊魔(れいま) (reima)
邪魔(じゃま) (jama)
魔鬼(まき) (maki)
魔王(まおう) (maō)
魔(ま)界(かい) (makai)
魔(ま)境(きょう) (makyō)
魔(ま)窟(くつ) (makutsu)
魔手(ましゅ) (mashu)
魔(ま)性(しょう) (mashō)
悪(あく)魔(ま) (akuma)
悪(あく)魔主義(ましゅぎ) (akumashugi)
魔神(まじん) (majin)
魔弾(まだん) (madan)
魔(ま)酔(すい) (masui)
魔(ま)睡(すい) (masui)
魔羅(まら) (mara)
魔(ま)物(もの) (mamono)
魔(ま)者(もの) (mamono)
天魔(てんま) (tenma)
病魔(びょうま) (byōma)
水(すい)魔(ま) (suima)
魔羅(まら) (mara)
魔幻(まげん) (magen)
魔術(まじゅつ) (majutsu)
魔(ま)術師(じゅつし) (majutsushi)
魔(ま)術士(じゅつし) (majutsushi)
魔道(まどう) (madō)
魔(ま)道師(どうし) (madōshi)
魔(ま)道士(どうし) (madōshi)
魔導(まどう) (madō)
魔(ま)導師(どうし) (madōshi)
魔(ま)導士(どうし) (madōshi)
魔法(まほう) (mahō)
魔(ま)法円(ほうえん) (mahōen)
魔(ま)法師(ほうし) (mahōshi)
魔(ま)法士(ほうし) (mahōshi)
魔人(まじん) (majin)
魔女(まじょ) (majo)
魔男(まだん) (madan)
破魔(はま) (hama)
祓(ふつ)魔(ま) (futsuma)
魔(ま)力(りょく) (maryoku)
放火(ほうか)魔(ま) (hōkama)
魔(ま)法瓶(ほうびん) (mahōbin)
通(とお)り魔(ま) (tōrima)
使(つか)い魔(ま) (tsukaima)
魔(ま)が差(さ)す (magasasu)
魔(ま)の海(うみ) (ma-no-umi)
魔除(まよ)け (mayoke)
お邪魔(じゃま)虫(むし) (ojamamushi)
誤魔化(ごまか)す (gomakasu)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
魔
ま Grade: S
goon

From Middle Chinese 魔 (MC muɑ).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ma̠]

Affix

魔(ま) • (ma)

demon, devil, evil spirit, evil influence

References

1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 2387 (paper), page 1245 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 魔 (MC muɑ). Recorded as Middle Korean 마 (ma) (Yale: ma) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource魔 (eumhun 마귀 마 (magwi ma))

Hanja form^? of 마 (“demon”).

Compounds

마법 (魔法, mabeop, “magic”)
마력 (魔力, maryeok, “magical power/strength”)
악마 (惡魔, angma, “demon; devil; fiend”)
마귀 (魔鬼, magwi, “devil; demon ghost”)
마녀 (魔女, manyeo, “witch, sorceress”)
마술 (魔術, masul, “magic”)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

魔: Hán Việt readings: ma

chữ Hán form of ma (“ghost”).

[1] 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 2387 (paper), page 1245 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)