餓

餓

See also: 饿

餓 U+9913, 餓 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9913 ← 餒 [U+9912] CJK Unified Ideographs 餔 → [U+9914]

Translingual

Han character

餓 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+7, 15 strokes, cangjie input 人戈竹手戈 (OIHQI), four-corner 8375₀, composition ⿰飠我)

References

• KangXi: page 1420, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44168
• Dae Jaweon: page 1945, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4456, character 2
• Unihan data for U+9913

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Chinese

trad.		餓
simp.		饿

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (我) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
莪	*ŋaːl
哦	*ŋaːl
娥	*ŋaːl
峨	*ŋaːl
峩	*ŋaːl
鵝	*ŋaːl
俄	*ŋaːl
蛾	*ŋaːl, *ŋralʔ
睋	*ŋaːl
涐	*ŋaːl
誐	*ŋaːl
硪	*ŋaːl, *ŋaːlʔ
我	*ŋaːlʔ
騀	*ŋaːlʔ
餓	*ŋaːls
義	*ŋrals
儀	*ŋral
轙	*ŋral, *ŋralʔ
檥	*ŋral, *ŋralʔ
蟻	*ŋralʔ
艤	*ŋralʔ
礒	*ŋralʔ
羛	*ŋralʔ, *hŋral
議	*ŋrals
犧	*hŋral
曦	*hŋral
羲	*hŋral

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋaːls) : semantic 食 + phonetic 我 (OC *ŋaːlʔ).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mwat ~ *ŋ(w)at (“hungry; thirsty”). Cognate with Burmese မွတ် (mwat) and ငတ် (ngat).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): è (e⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄜˋ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): вә (və, III)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngo⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngo
• Jin (Wiktionary): ghe³
• Min Dong (BUC): ngô̤
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): gō / ngō͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gho⁷

• Wu (Wiktionary): ngu (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: è
    • Zhuyin: ㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: è
    • Wade–Giles: o⁴
    • Yale: è
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eh
    • Palladius: э (e)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵¹/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: вә (və, III)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /və⁴⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ngo⁶
    • Yale: ngoh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngo⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngo⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔː²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngo
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngo
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngo⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋo⁵⁵/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: ghe³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɣɤ⁴⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ngô̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔ²⁴²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gō
    • Tâi-lô: gō
    • Phofsit Daibuun: goi
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡo⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɡo²²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡɤ³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɡo³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngō͘
    • Tâi-lô: ngōo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ngo
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ŋɔ̃⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gho⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: gō
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɡo¹¹/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: ngu (T3)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋv̩ʷ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ŋɑ^H/

Rime
Character	餓
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	五个切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɑH/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋɑH/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋɑH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋaH/
Li Rong	/ŋɑH/
Wang Li	/ŋɑH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋɑH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	è
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngo6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋˤaj-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋaːls/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	餓
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	è
Middle Chinese	‹ ngaH ›
Old Chinese	/*ŋˁaj-s/
English	hungry
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	餓
Reading #	1/1
No.	13044
Phonetic component	我
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	餓
Old Chinese	/*ŋaːls/

Definitions

餓

1. hungry

   我餓了。／我饿了。  ―  Wǒ è le.  ―  I'm hungry.

   誰肚子餓？／谁肚子饿？  ―  Shéi dùzi è?  ―  Who's hungry?

2. to starve someone

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of [[#Chinese|]] (“hungry”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		飢, 餓
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		餓, 飢餓
Mandarin	Beijing	餓
	Taiwan	餓
	Tianjin	餓
	Chengde	餓
	Tangshan	餓
	Cangzhou	餓
	Baoding	餓
	Shijiazhuang	餓
	Chifeng	餓
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	餓
	Heihe	餓
	Qiqihar	餓
	Harbin	餓
	Jiamusi	餓
	Baicheng	餓
	Changchun	餓
	Tonghua	餓
	Shenyang	餓
	Dandong	餓
	Jinzhou	餓
	Dalian	餓
	Yantai	餓, 飢困
	Qingdao	餓, 飢困
	Lijin	飢困
	Jinan	餓
	Jining	餓
	Shangqiu	餓, 飢
	Yuanyang	餓
	Zhengzhou	飢
	Lingbao	飢
	Xinyang	餓
	Baihe	餓
	Hanzhong	餓
	Xi'an	飢, 餓
	Baoji	飢
	Yinchuan	餓
	Tianshui	餓
	Lanzhou	餓
	Dunhuang	餓
	Xining	餓
	Hami	餓
	Ürümqi	餓
	Wuhan	餓
	Yichang	餓
	Xiangyang	餓
	Tianmen	餓
	Hong'an	餓
	Chengdu	餓
	Nanchong	餓
	Dazhou	餓
	Hanyuan	餓
	Xichang	餓
	Zigong	餓
	Chongqing	餓
	Guiyang	餓
	Zunyi	餓
	Bijie	餓
	Liping	餓
	Zhaotong	餓
	Dali	餓
	Kunming	餓
	Mengzi	餓
	Guilin	餓
	Liuzhou	餓
Jishou	餓
Changde	餓
Anqing	餓
Xuzhou	餓
Fuyang	餓
Yangzhou	餓
Lianyungang	餓
Lianshui	餓
Nanjing	餓
Hefei	餓
Nantong	餓
Singapore	餓
Cantonese	Guangzhou	肚餓, 餓
	Hong Kong	肚餓, 餓
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	肚餓
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	肚餓
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	肚胈餓
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	肚胈餓
	Macau	餓
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	肚餓
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	肚餓
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	肚餓
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	肚餓
	Foshan	肚餓
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	肚餓
	Foshan (Shunde)	餓
	Foshan (Sanshui)	肚餓
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	肚餓
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	餓
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	餓
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	肚餓
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	肚餓
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	肚飢
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	肚餓
	Taishan	肚飢
	Kaiping (Chikan)	肚餓
	Enping (Niujiang)	肚餓
	Heshan (Yayao)	肚餓
	Dongguan	屎肚餓
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	肚餓
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	餓
	Shaoguan	肚餓
	Yunfu	肚餓
	Yangjiang	餓
	Xinyi	肚餓
	Lianjiang	肚餓
	Nanning	肚餓
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	飢
	Hepu (Shatian)	飢, 餓
	Beihai	餓
	Beihai (Nankang)	餓
	Beihai (Yingpan)	飢
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	肚餓
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	肚餓
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	肚餓
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	餓
	Singapore (Guangfu)	餓, 肚餓
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	餓
	Móng Cái	肚餓
Gan	Nanchang	餓
Hakka	Meixian	肚飢, 餓
	Xingning	餓
	Dabu (Xihe)	豺
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	肚胈餓
	Huidong (Daling)	餓
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	肚胈餓
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	肚胈餓
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	餓
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	肚𤸁
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	肚飢, 肚胈餓
	Wuhua (Changbu)	肚胈飢
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	肚𤸁
	Wuhua (Meilin)	𤸁
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	肚飢
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	肚胈餓
	Conghua (Lütian)	餓
	Jiexi	肚屎𤸁
	Changting	腹飢, 餓
	Yongding	肚飢
	Yongding (Xiayang)	豺
	Yongding (Hukeng)	肚飢
	Wuping	肚飢
	Wuping (Pingyu)	肚飢
	Liancheng	腹飢
	Liancheng (Peitian)	腹底飢, 腹飢, 餓
	Liancheng (Juxi)	腹裡飢, 腹飢, 飢
	Liancheng (Zhongbao)	腹飢
	Liancheng (Laiyuan)	腹飢, 餓肚屎, 肚屎空
	Ninghua	腹飢
	Ruijin	肚飢, 肚籮捏飢
	Shicheng	肚飢
	Shangyou (Shexi)	肚飢
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	肚飢, 肚枵
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	肚飢
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	肚屎枵, 肚枵
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	肚飢, 肚屎枵, 肚枵
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	肚屎枵, 肚枵
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	屎肚枵
	Hong Kong	餓
	Sabah (Longchuan)	肚胈餓
	Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)	肚餓
	Senai (Huiyang)	餓
	Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	肚屎枵, 肚屎飢, 𤸁
	Singkawang	肚屎飢
	Bangkok (Meixian)	肚飢
	Bangkok (Fengshun)	肚𤸁
Huizhou	Shexian	餓
Jin	Taiyuan	餓
	Yangyuan	餓, 飢
	Datong	飢
	Xinzhou	餓
	Lishi	餓
	Linfen	飢
	Changzhi	飢
	Linhe	餓
	Jining	餓
	Hohhot	餓
	Erenhot	餓, 飢
	Pingshan	餓
	Zhangjiakou	餓
	Handan	餓, 飢
	Linzhou	飢
	Suide	餓
Min Bei	Jian'ou	腹飢, 餓
Min Dong	Fuzhou	空, 枵 dated
Min Nan	Xiamen	枵
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	腹肚枵
	Quanzhou	枵
	Shishi	枵
	Zhangzhou	枵
	Zhao'an	枵, 腹肚枵
	Taipei (Wanhua)	枵
	Kaohsiung	枵
	Yilan	枵
	Changhua (Lukang)	枵
	Taichung	枵
	Taichung (Wuqi)	枵
	Tainan	枵
	Taitung	枵
	Hsinchu	枵
	Penghu (Magong)	枵
	Penang (Hokkien)	枵
	Singapore (Hokkien)	枵, 腹肚枵
	Manila (Hokkien)	枵, 腹肚枵
	Chaozhou	枵, 肚困, 肚枵
	Shantou	肚困, 枵
	Shantou (Chenghai)	肚困, 枵
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	肚困
	Jieyang	枵
	Haifeng	肚枵
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	枵
	Singapore (Teochew)	肚困, 枵
	Wenchang	肚困
	Haikou	困, 肚困
	Singapore (Hainanese)	困, 肚困
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	肚餓
	Sanxiang	餓, 肚餓
Wu	Shanghai	餓
	Suzhou	餓
	Wenzhou	餓
Xiang	Changsha	餓, 䐬
	Shuangfeng	肚䐬, 餓 intensified

Compounds

忍飢挨餓／忍饥挨饿 忍饑受餓／忍饥受饿 挨餓／挨饿 (ái'è) 挨餓受凍／挨饿受冻 窮酸餓醋／穷酸饿醋 翳桑餓人／翳桑饿人 色中餓鬼／色中饿鬼 西山餓夫／西山饿夫 貧嘴餓舌／贫嘴饿舌

飢餓／饥饿 (jī'è) 飢餓三十／饥饿三十 飢鷹餓虎／饥鹰饿虎 餒餓／馁饿 餓死／饿死 (èsǐ) 餓殍枕藉／饿殍枕借 餓狼／饿狼 (èláng) 餓紋／饿纹

餓莩／饿莩 (èpiǎo) 餓莩載道／饿莩载道 餓虎吞羊／饿虎吞羊 餓虎撲羊／饿虎扑羊 餓虎撲食／饿虎扑食 餓虎擒羊／饿虎擒羊 餓虎飢鷹／饿虎饥鹰 餓鬼／饿鬼 (èguǐ)

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Japanese

Shinjitai	餓
Kyūjitai [1]	餓󠄁 餓+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	餓󠄃 餓+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

餓

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. hungry

Readings

• Go-on: が (ga, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: が (ga, Jōyō)
• Kun: うえる (ueru, 餓える)

Compounds

Compounds

• 餓鬼(がき) (gaki)
• 餓死(がし) (gashi)
• 餓狼(がろう) (garō, “hungry wolf”)
• 飢餓(きが) (kiga)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
餓
が Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 餓 (MC ŋɑ^H).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• IPA^(key): [ɡa̠]

Affix

餓(が) • (ga) 

1. hungry; hunger

References

1. “餓”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023

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Korean

Hanja

餓 • (a) (hangeul 아)

1. hungry
2. greedy for
3. hunger

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Vietnamese

Han character

餓: Hán Nôm readings: ngạ[1][2][3], nga[1], ngã[2][3]

1. chữ Hán form of ngạ (“hunger, hungry”).

References

1. Trần (2004).
2. Bonet (1899).
3. Génibrel (1898).