陶

陶	U+9676, 陶 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9676

← 陵
[U+9675]

CJK Unified Ideographs

陷 →
[U+9677]

Translingual

Han character

陶 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 弓中心人山 (NLPOU), four-corner 7722₀, composition ⿰⻖匋)

Derived characters

𭲏, 𬞌, 𩍂, 𡒘

References

KangXi: page 1354, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41705
Dae Jaweon: page 1858, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4139, character 5
Unihan data for U+9676

Chinese

simp. and trad.		陶

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 陶
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (匋) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
掏	l̥ʰuː, l'uː
蜪	l̥ʰuː, l'uː
陶	bl'uː, luː
萄	*l'uː
啕	*l'uː
淘	*l'uː
騊	*l'uː
匋	*bl'uː
祹	*l'uː
綯	*l'uː

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bl'uː, *luː) : semantic 阝 (“soil mountain”) + phonetic 匋 (OC *bl'uː).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): táo (tao²)
(Zhuyin): ㄊㄠˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tou⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): tau²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): thò
(Meixian, Guangdong): tau²
Min Bei (KCR): dǎu
Min Dong (BUC): dò̤
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): tô / tô͘
(Teochew, Peng'im): tao⁵
Wu (Wiktionary): dau (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: táo
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄠˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: táo
  - Wade–Giles: tʻao²
  - Yale: táu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: taur
  - Palladius: тао (tao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: tou⁴
  - Yale: tòuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tou⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: tou⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰou̯²¹/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: tau²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰau²⁴/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thò
  - Hakka Romanization System: toˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: to²
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰo¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: tau²
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰau¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dǎu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tau²¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dò̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /to⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tô
  - Tâi-lô: tô
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dooi
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /to¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /to²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ²³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tô͘
  - Tâi-lô: tôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: doo
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: tao⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thâu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰau⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: dau (T3)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /d̥ɔ²³/

Middle Chinese: /dɑu/

Rime
Character	陶
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒刀切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑu/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑu/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/daw/
Li Rong	/dɑu/
Wang Li	/dɑu/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	táo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tou⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*bl'uː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	陶
Reading #	1/2
No.	12363
Phonetic component	匋
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	陶
Old Chinese	/*bl'uː/

Definitions

陶

pottery; ceramics
to make pottery
to cultivate; to educate; to mould
contented; happy
a surname
陶行知 ― Táo Xíngzhī ― Tao Xingzhi (renowned Chinese educator and reformer)
陶家嶺村／陶家岭村 ― Táojiālǐng Cūn ― Taojialing (a village in Yonglong, Jingshan, Jingmen, Hubei, China)

Compounds

Derived terms from 陶

交趾陶
富埒陶白
彩陶 (cǎitáo)
彩陶文化
灰陶
甄陶
白陶 (báitáo)
白陶罍
立陶宛 (Lìtáowǎn)
粗陶
精密陶瓷
紫砂陶
自我陶醉
薰陶 (xūntáo)
赤土陶器 (chì tǔ táoqì)
阿克陶 (Ākètáo)
陶俑 (táoyǒng)
陶偶
陶兀
陶冶 (táoyě)
陶化
陶匠 (táojiàng)
陶唐
陶唐氏
陶器 (táoqì)
陶器婚
陶土 (táotǔ, “potter's clay”)
陶城 (Táochéng)
陶塑 (táosù)

陶家河 (Táojiāhé)
陶工 (táogōng, “potter”)
陶店 (Táodiàn)
陶成
陶文 (táowén)
陶染
陶泓
陶港 (Táogǎng)
陶然 (táorán)
陶然亭 (Táorántíng)
陶然自得
陶猗
陶猗之富
陶瓷 (táocí)
陶瓷器 (táocíqì)
陶瓷工 (táocígōng)
陶瓷材料
陶甄
陶真 (táozhēn)
陶石
陶笛 (táodí)
陶笵
陶笵法
陶醉 (táozuì)
陶陶 (táotáo)
陶陶兀兀
黑陶
黑陶文化
熏陶

奧陶紀／奥陶纪 (Àotáo Jì)
富比陶衛／富比陶卫
樂樂陶陶／乐乐陶陶
樂陶陶／乐陶陶
紅陶／红陶
綠釉陶／绿釉陶
繪彩陶／绘彩陶
遣興陶情／遣兴陶情
金屬陶瓷／金属陶瓷
鈞陶／钧陶
陶侃運甓／陶侃运甓
陶劉／陶刘 (Táoliú)
陶土製品／陶土制品
陶場／陶场 (Táochǎng)
陶家嶺／陶家岭 (Táojiālǐng)
陶寫／陶写
陶庵夢憶／陶庵梦忆
陶業／陶业
陶潛三徑／陶潜三径
陶潛五柳／陶潜五柳
陶犬瓦雞／陶犬瓦鸡
陶硯／陶砚
陶藝／陶艺 (táoyì)
陶鈞／陶钧 (táojūn)
陶鎔／陶镕
陶鎔鼓鑄／陶镕鼓铸
陶鑄／陶铸
陶養／陶养
鬱陶／郁陶 (yùtáo)

Descendants

→ Thai: เตา (dtao)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yáo (yao²)
(Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yáo
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yáo
  - Wade–Giles: yao²
  - Yale: yáu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yau
  - Palladius: яо (jao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jiu⁴
  - Yale: yìuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jiu⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yiu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːu̯²¹/

Middle Chinese: /jiᴇu/

Rime
Character	陶
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	餘昭切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇu/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛu/
Shao Rongfen	/jæu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jiaw/
Li Rong	/iɛu/
Wang Li	/jĭɛu/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ɛu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yáo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jiu⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*luː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	陶
Reading #	2/2
No.	12373
Phonetic component	匋
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	遙
Old Chinese	/*luː/

Definitions

陶

Alternative form of 𨹋.

Used in 皋陶 (Gāoyáo).

Used in 陶陶 (yáoyáo).
Alternative form of 窯／窑 (yáo).

Compounds

陶誕／陶诞

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dào (dao⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄉㄠˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dou⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dào
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dào
  - Wade–Giles: tao⁴
  - Yale: dàu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daw
  - Palladius: дао (dao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɑʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: dou⁶
  - Yale: douh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dou⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: dou⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tou̯²²/

Definitions

陶

Only used in 陶陶 (dàodào).

References

“陶”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

陶

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: どう (dō)^{←だう (dau, historical)}; よう (yō)^{←えう (eu, historical)}
Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}; よう (yō)^{←えう (eu, historical)}
Kun: すえ (sue, 陶)^{←すゑ (suwe, historical)}
Nanori: よし (yoshi)

Compounds

陶(よう)陶(よう) (yōyō)
陶(すえ)器(うつわもの) (sue-utsuwamono)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
陶
とう Grade: S
kan’on

/tau/ → /tɔː/ → /toː/

From Middle Chinese 陶 (MC dɑu).

Affix

陶(とう) • (tō) ^{←たう (tau)^?}

pottery, ceramics
(by extension) teach, instruct
pleasant, indulgent
cloudy, foggy

Derived terms

陶(とう)器(き) (tōki)
陶(とう)工(こう) (tōkō)
陶(とう)酔(すい) (tōsui)
陶(とう)然(ぜん) (tōzen)
陶(とう)土(ど) (tōdo)
陶(とう)冶(や) (tōya)
鬱(うっ)陶(とう) (uttō)
薫(くん)陶(とう) (kuntō)
彩(さい)陶(とう) (saitō)
製(せい)陶(とう) (seitō)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
陶
すえ Grade: S
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
甄 (rare)

/suwe/ → /sue/

From Old Japanese.

The nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 据える (sueru, “to set, lay”), from the way they are formed and/or crafted by the hands. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun

陶(すえ) • (sue) ^{←すゑ (suwe)^?}

(archaic, possibly obsolete) earthenware, pottery

Derived terms

陶(すえ)物(もの) (suemono)

Proper noun

陶(すえ) • (Sue) ^{←すゑ (Suwe)^?}

a surname

Korean

Hanja

陶 (eumhun 질 그도 도 (jil geudo do))

Hanja form^? of 도 (“pottery, ceramics, earthenware”).

陶 (eumhun 화락할 요 (hwarakhal yo))

Hanja form^? of 도 (“peaceful, harmonious, happy”).

陶 (eumhun 순임금의 신하 요 (sunimgeumui sinha yo))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Old Japanese

Etymology

The nominalization of the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 据う (suu, “to set, lay”), from the way they are formed and/or crafted by the hands. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Compounds

陶器 (suwemono₂)

Noun

陶 (suwe) (kana すゑ)

earthenware, pottery

Descendants

Japanese: 陶 (sue)

Vietnamese

Han character

陶: Hán Nôm readings: đào

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.